Sumerian Hymns from Cuneiform Texts in the British Museum
Religion
Sumerian Hymns from Cuneiform Texts in the British Museum
Hymns, Sumerian; Sumerian language -- Texts
13. _za ḥad aka-zu-šù kur-gal a-a ^dimmer Mu-ul-lil sag im-da-sig-gi_
The stone of the sceptre of thy thunder strikes the head of the
great mountain, father Bêl.
_za_ equals _abnu_, “stone” (Br. 11721 and Hymn to Sin, line 18). There
is another sign used more commonly than ZÂU to represent “stone”;
namely, DAḲḲU.
_ḥad_ (see on line 1).
_aka-zu-šù_: _aka_ equals _ramâmu_, “roar” (Br. 4746). The meaning of
RAM as _ramâmu_ seems to come through mnemonic paronomasia by way of the
value _aka_ as equal to _râmu_, “love”. It is important to distinguish
_ramâmu_ from _Ramman_, an Assyrian name for _Mer_ meaning “thunderer”,
as well as from _ramânu_, “self”. _ramânu_ self is often a pun on
_Ramman_. _zu_ (see Hymn to Bêl, line 21). _šù_ (see Hymn to Bêl, line
15).
_kur-gal_: _kur_ (see Hymn to Bêl, line 3). _gal_ (see Hymn to Bêl, line
14).
_a-a ^dimmer Mu-ul-lil_ (see Hymn to Bêl, line 3). In the Hymn to Bêl
(line 16), Bêl seems to be called a mountain. The thought probably is
suggested by E-kur of Nippur.
14. _urša-zu àma gal ^dimmer Nin-lil ba-e-di-ḥu-laḥ-e_
Thy thunder terrifies the great mother Bêlit.
_urša_ equals _ramâmu_ (Br. 8556). _ur_ is a value of ḤAR which itself
may mean _ramâmu_ (Br. 8539) and _ša_ is a value of DU which we know
means _alâku_. _urša_ must mean “advancing thunder”.
_àma_ equals _ummu_, “mother”. The idea of “mother” arises out of
“amplitude”, which the sign is intended pictorially to represent.
_damal_ is a common value of the same sign (see Hymn to Bêl, line 10).
_gal_ (Hymn to Bêl, line 14).
_^dimmer Nin-lil_. _Nin-lil_ is the Sumerian name of Bêlit, the consort
of Bêl. _Nin_ equals _Bêltu_, “lady”. _lil_ has the same meaning as in
_En-lil_ or _Mul-lil_ (see Hymn to Bêl, line 2). _Nin-lil_ is exactly
the reverse with respect to sex of _En-lil_. Bêlit, like Bêl, had a
temple at Nippur which dates back apparently to the time of the early
dynasties of Ur. It was, however, simply a dim shadow of the temple of
Bêl. The goddess of the divine family never achieved the popularity
attained by the god, the father of the family. Besides being called
_Nin-lil_, “lady of mercy” (Br. 5932), she was sometimes called
_Nin-ḥar-sag_, “lady of the high mountain”, which would indicate that
she dwelt with Bêl in _E-kur_, “the mountain house”. Under the name of
_Nin-ḥar-sag_, Bêlit had a temple also at Girsu, one of the divisions of
the town of Lagaš. _Nin-ḥar-sag_ was sometimes addressed as “the mother
of the gods”.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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