Sumerian Hymns from Cuneiform Texts in the British Museum
Religion
Sumerian Hymns from Cuneiform Texts in the British Museum
Hymns, Sumerian; Sumerian language -- Texts
“Of Bêl, mighty hand,
Who lifts up glory and splendour, day of power.
Fearfulness he establishes.
Lord of DUN.PA.UD.DU.A, mighty hand.
Fearfulness he establishes.
Stormy one, father, mother, creator, mighty hand.
The catch-net he throws over the hostile land.
Lord, great warrior, mighty hand.
A firm house he raises up; the enemy he overthrows.
The shining one, lord of Nippur, mighty hand.
The lord, the life of the land, the _massû_ of heaven and earth.”[22]
2. _Sin_
Next after Bêl, the moon-god is worthy of consideration, because of the
age of his cult, and because of the greatness of its influence in
Babylonia. The moon-god had two Sumerian names, two Assyrian names and
two great temples. The Sumerian name most often applied to the moon-god
is Šis-ki, the particular meaning of which in this case does not seem to
be very patent. If the two syllables _Šis_ and _ki_ are taken as nouns,
the one is the construct state and the other in the genitive relation,
the name means “brother of the land”, that is, “protector of the land”,
or “helper of the land”. The other Sumerian name is En-zu, lord of
wisdom, the intellectual attribute of wisdom being closely related to
the physical property of giving light. While therefore Šis-ki expresses
the material relation of the moon to the earth, En-zu seems to state the
intellectual relation of the moon-god to the affairs of the earth. The
first Assyrian name of the moon-god to be considered is Nannar. The
derivation of this name is still in doubt. It generally occurs in
bilingual literature as the Assyrian equivalent of the Sumerian Šis-ki
(see IV R. 9, 3-18). Jastrow thinks that the word Nannar is made by the
reduplication of _nar_, “light”, and the assimilation of the first _r_,
Nar + nar = Nannar (see RBA. p. 72). The other Assyrian name, connected
with the moon-god more often at Harran than at Ur, is Sin, the sign
being EŠ, used also for “thirty”, and is applied to the moon-god as the
deity of the month of thirty days. As the cult of the moon-god traveled
from Ur to Harran, so the name of Sin traveled even into the peninsula
of Arabia and probably became a local name there in the wilderness. The
Assyrian kings of the second empire seemed to prefer to call the
moon-god by the name Sin, but the Semitic Babylonians called him Nannar.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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