It happens, perhaps yet more frequently, that a German name, which cannot be explained by anything within the range of Teutonic dialects, may find a sufficient etymon from the Celtic. That is to suppose that a word originally common to the Teutonic and the Celtic, has dropped out of the former, and been retained only in the latter. Thus there is a word _arg_, _arch_, found in many Teutonic names, and from which we have several names, as _Archbold_, _Archbutt_, _Archard_, _Argent_, _Argument_, for which the meaning that can be derived from the German seems very inadequate, but for which the Irish _arg_, hero or champion, seems to offer as good a meaning as could be desired. So also _all_, from which, as elsewhere shown, there are a number of names, in its Teutonic sense of _omnis_, does not seem to give by any means so satisfactory a result as in its Celtic sense of "great" or, "illustrious." Many other instances might be adduced on both sides to show the way in which a word has dropped out of the one language and been retained in the other. Before passing from this part of the subject, I may be allowed to adduce an illustration--a striking one I think, albeit that the name in this case is not that of a man but of a dog--of the way in which a name may be retained in familiar use, though the word from which it is derived has perished out of the language, though the language itself has passed out of use among us for more than a thousand years, and though the word itself is only used in a sort of poetical or sentimental sense. Who has not heard, in verse or in prose, of the "poor dog _Tray_"? And yet who ever heard, excepting in books, of a dog being called Tray, a word which conveys no meaning whatever to an English ear? What then is the origin, and what is the meaning, of the name? It is, I venture to think, the ancient British name for a dog, which is not to be found in any living dialect of the Celtic, and which is only revealed to us in a casual line of a Roman poet:-- Non sibi, sed domino, venatur _vertragus_ acer, Illæsum leporem qui tibi dente feret. _Martial._ The British _vertrag_ must have been something of the nature of a greyhound, though, from the description of his bringing back the game unmangled to his master, perhaps capable of a higher training than the greyhound generally attains to. Now the _ver_ in _vertrag_ is in the Celtic tongues an intensitive, and as prefixed to a word, gives the sense of preeminence. The ancient British word for a dog in general must have been _trag_, a word of which we find a trace in the Irish _traig_, foot, allied, no doubt, to Gothic _thragjan_, Greek [Greek: trechein], Sanscrit _trag_, to run. The ancient British name then for a dog, _trag_ signified the "runner," and with the intensitive prefix _ver_, as in _vertrag_, the "swift runner."[6] And _trag_ is, I take it, the word from which, _g_ as usual in English becoming _y_, is formed our word Tray.