1008-1064--King Malcolm's matrimonial alliances--Victory of Carham--Thorfinn Sigurdson, Earl of Caithness and Sutherland--His attempts on Orkney--Somarled, Brusi and Einar--Thorkel Fostri slays Einar--Moddan created Earl of Caithness and slain by Thorkel--Battle of Torfness--Death of Duncan--Thorfinn and Macbeth--Thorfinn and Ragnvald Brusison--Marriage with Ingibjorg--Battle of Rautharbiorg-- Thorfinn sole Jarl of Orkney and Shetland--His travels, retirement, and death--His chronology. CHAPTER V.--PAUL AND ERLEND, HAKON AND MAGNUS 1058-1123--Paul and Erlend, jarls--Ingibjorg's marriage with Malcolm III--Its objects--Norman conquest of England--King Magnus Barelegs--Hakon and Magnus, jarls--Harold Slettmali and Paul the Silent, jarls--Ingibiorg and Margret--Moddan in Dale--Feudalism in Scotland--The Catholic Church--Alexander I and David I--The three leading families in Caithness and Sutherland, of the Norse Jarls, Moddan, and Freskyn de Moravia--The Mackays--The Gunns. CHAPTER VI.--THE MODDAN FAMILY, JARLS HARALD AND PAUL AND RAGNVALD 1123-1158--Harald Slettmali and Paul the Silent--Frakark and Helga--Harald poisoned--Frakark in Kildonan--Plot against Jarl Paul--The Moddan family--Audhild--Eric Stagbrellir--Ragnvald's history and jarldom--Battle of Tankerness--Olvir Rosta and Sweyn--Paul kidnapped--Harold Maddadson--Frakark's Burning--Thorbiorn Klerk--Ragnvald's cruise to the East--Erlend Haraldson's grant of half Caithness--Scramble for the earldom--Ragnvald's daughter Ingirid's marriage to Eric Stagbrellir--Fight at Thurso--Erlend and Sweyn--Erlend's death--Ragnvald's murder--His descendants. CHAPTER VII.--HAROLD MADDADSON AND THE FRESKYNS 1158-1206--Harold sole Jarl and Earl; his first family--Sweyn's cruises and death in 1171--Harold's second wife, and family--Eric Stagbrellir's family--Scottish affairs--Moray and the MacHeths-- Freskyn and Duffus--William MacFrisgyn--Hugo Freskyn of Sutherland, and his brother, William of Petty--Hugo's grant to Gilbert, Archdeacon of Moray--Hugo's family--William _dominus Sutherlandiae_--Events in the North in 1153 and after--William the Lion's accession, 1165--Persons of note at that date--Those in authority--Harold's forfeitures--Events leading up to them--Eddirdovir and Dunskaith--Donald Ban MacWilliam--Defeat of Thorfinn, Harold's son, and of Harold, 1196--Harald Ungi--Ragnvald Gudrodson--Victory of Dalharrold--The Stewards--Death of Thorfinn, Harold's son--William the Lion in Caithness--Death of Harold Maddadson, 1206. CHAPTER VIII.--JARLS DAVID AND JOHN, FRESKIN II 1206-1263--David's eight years, 1206-1214--King William takes John's daughter as a hostage--Murder of Bishop Adam, 1222--King Alexander's expedition--John's forfeiture--Death of John's son, Harald, 1226--Snaekoll Gunni's son, grandson of Eric Stagbrellir--Murder of Earl John--Trial at Bergen--Lady Johanna of Strathnaver. CHAPTER IX.--THE SUCCESSION TO THE CAITHNESS EARLDOM