The polystyrene resins have been in an experimental stage for a long time, with the volume of production small. In 1937, however, commercial production of a water-white product was announced, and it is believed that the output of these resins will increase sharply in the near future. The non-coal-tar resins were of little importance prior to 1930 and production amounted to less than 2 million pounds in 1932. Since then, however, progress has been rapid, both in types and output. Resins from urea constitute an important part of this class and the output has increased practically every year since 1929 when production was started. Most of the output is used in molded articles where light and pastel shades are required. In 1936, for the first time, appreciable quantities were consumed in laminating and in surface coatings. The vinyl resins have been produced in increasing quantities for the past 8 years. Production reached a new high in 1937, and with the acceptance of this type of resin for safety glass laminations it is expected that the output will increase materially in the near future. In 1937 the application in surface coatings, molded articles, and laminations were of approximately equal importance. The acrylate resins are among the newest commercial developments in this industry. Of the several types now manufactured, one appears valuable in surface coatings and adhesives and another, in the form of its cast or molded polymer, in airplane windows, machined articles, and lenses. Petroleum resins were first produced in commercial quantities in 1936, but the output in that year was appreciable. These low-priced synthetics are used in surface coatings, laminations, and miscellaneous uses. The industry abroad. World production of synthetic resins at this time is estimated at 300 million pounds annually, of which the United States accounts for 45 percent. Germany produces about 27 percent and Great Britain about 20 percent of the total and a number of countries including France, Italy, Czechoslovakia, Canada, and Japan produce the remainder. Practically all types are made in Germany and Great Britain although in lesser quantities than here. The urea resins originated abroad, as did the acrylates and polystyrenes. Commercial development of the synthetic resins abroad has been somewhat behind that in the United States, although in recent years the increase there has been so rapid as to seriously affect the international raw material market. Germany, formerly one of our principal sources of crude naphthalene, for a time restricted exports of that commodity in order to conserve the available supply for home consumption, presumably in alkyd resins. Great Britain, formerly the principal exporter of phenol, has found it necessary to supplement production of natural phenol with synthetic phenol. It is possible that in the future similar conditions may arise in world markets for cresylic acid. International trade.