Synthetic resins and their raw materials: A survey of the types and uses of synthetic resins, the organization of the industry, and the trade in resins and raw materials, with particular references to factors essential to tariff consideration. Under the general provisions of section 332, title III, part II, Tariff act of 1930.United States Tariff Commission
Science
Synthetic resins and their raw materials: A survey of the types and uses of synthetic resins, the organization of the industry, and the trade in resins and raw materials, with particular references to factors essential to tariff consideration. Under the general provisions of section 332, title III, part II, Tariff act of 1930.
United States Tariff Commission
Gums and resins industry; Plastics
The monomer (unpolymerized methyl methacrylate) may be used to impregnate
wood, cloth, wallboard, cork, paper, electrical coils, tile, or stone,
and then polymerized to form the resin. Paper and cloth so treated have
many uses, such as in the electrical and food-packaging industries.
Laminated sheets find wide possibilities for use in the aircraft field,
and for lamp shades. Wood may be impregnated with as much as 60 percent
of the monomer. Solutions of these resins in organic solvents, such as
ethylene dichloride, ethyl acetate, and toluol, are used in surface
coatings, undercoats on difficult adhesion jobs, to impregnate paper and
textiles, and in insulation. These coating solutions are marketed in the
United States under the trade name Acryloids and in Europe under the
trade names, Borron, Plexigum, and Acronol. They may be brushed, sprayed,
dipped, and baked. Baking is recommended to give a higher gloss, better
adhesion, and a harder film. The dried film has an elasticity of 1,000
percent at ordinary room temperature and the light transmission of clear
films is intermediate between ordinary window glass and quartz.
Acrysol is an adhesive consisting of a dispersion of the resin in water
and is recommended for use where adhesion is difficult, as on rubber or
rubberized surfaces.
Production in the United States.
Commercial production of acrylate resins in the United States was started
in 1931 by Rohm and Haas, Philadelphia, Pa., under United States Patents
Nos. 1,388,016 of August 16, 1921, and 1,829,208 of October 27, 1931.
Commercial production of methyl methacrylate resins was started in 1937
by E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. This development is under United States
Patent No. 1,980,483, issued in 1934. The liquid monomer is produced at
Belle, W. Va., and shipped to Arlington, N. J., where it is polymerized
by heat to the solid resin.
The output of acrylate resins was hardly more than experimental in 1935
but increased somewhat in 1936 and very appreciably in 1937. Although
statistics of production are not publishable, it can be stated that
in 1937 the output approached that of other synthetic resins made in
commercial quantities. The properties of these resins indicate very
large commercial production in the near future. Prices of the several
types are still high as compared with other resins but should eventually
be somewhat lower than those of cellulose acetate and nitrocellulose
plastics and slightly higher than those of cast phenolic resins.
Imports into and exports from the United States.
There have been no recorded imports of acrylate resins. The two domestic
producers have agreements, licenses, or affiliations with the principal
foreign makers of these products, one in England and one in Germany. Such
arrangements would account for the absence of imports, except for sample
or experimental lots, and might also limit export markets.
7. COUMARONE AND INDENE RESINS
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