_Method of finding the Power._—The magnifying power of a telescope may be determined by dividing the focal length of the object-glass or mirror by the focal length of the eye-lens. Thus, if the large glass has a focus of 70 inches and the eye-lens a focus of one inch, then the power is 70. If the latter is only 1/4-inch focus, the resulting power will be 280. But this method is only applicable to single lens eyepieces. We may, however, resort to several other means of finding the powers of the compound eyepieces of Huygens or Ramsden. Let the observer fix a slip of white cardboard, say 1 inch wide, to a door or post some distance off, and then (with a refractor) view it, while keeping the disengaged eye open, and note the exact space covered by the telescopic image of the card as projected on the door seen by the other eye. The number of inches included in the space alluded to will represent the linear magnifying power. A brick wall or any surface with distinct, regularly marked divisions will answer the same purpose, the number of bricks or divisions covered by the telescopic image of one of them being equivalent to the power. But it should not be forgotten that a telescope magnifies slightly less upon a celestial object than upon a near terrestrial one owing to the shorter focus, and a trifling allowance will have to be made for this. Another plan may be mentioned. When the telescope is directed to any fairly bright object or to the sky, and the observer removes his eye about 10 inches from the eyepiece, a sharply defined, bright little disk will be perceived in the eye-lens. If the diameter of this disk is ascertained and the clear aperture of the object-glass or mirror is divided by it, the quotient will be the magnifying power. Thus, if the small circle of light is ·2 inch diameter and the effective aperture of the large glass 5 inches, then the power is 25. If the former is ·02 inch diameter and the latter 7·5 inches, the power will be 375. The dynamometer is a little instrument specially designed to facilitate this means of fixing the magnifying power. It enables the diameter of the small luminous circle in the eye-lens to be very accurately measured, and this is a most important factor in deriving the power by this method. [Illustration: Fig. 16. BERTHON’S DYNAMOMETER. _HORNE & THORNTHWAITE LONDON._]