Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and Astronomy — John Shaqi
Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and AstronomyStevenson, Edward Luther
History
Terrestrial and Celestial Globes Volume 2: Their History and Construction Including a Consideration of their Value as Aids in the Study of Geography and Astronomy
Stevenson, Edward Luther
Geography -- History; Globes
In the year 1893 Baron Nordenskiöld presented to the Royal Geographical
Society a facsimile in gores of a globe map, which fact is noted in that
society’s Journal. The globe is one of silver, bearing the author and
date legend “Johann Hauer. 1620.” The record tells of its having been
presented in the year 1632 to Gustavus Adolphus and that it is now one
of the treasures of the National Museum of Stockholm. The engraved map
is of the Hondius or the Mercator type presenting in the main the best
geographical knowledge of the time. Its many legends are in the Latin
language; the lettering, though small, is easily legible. The engraver
has adorned the seas with ships and with such marine animals as are
frequently to be found in the maps of the period.[57]
It has been previously noted that the employment of engraved gore maps
in globe construction was not received with general favor in Italy in
the sixteenth century, although Mercator’s globes were copied to some
extent, as were those of De Mongenet. Toward the close of the century,
the preference for manuscript globes, or for engraved bronze or copper
globes seems gradually to have yielded to a belief in the more practical
method of construction which had established itself in the North.
Originality, however, does not appear to have been a striking feature of
Italian endeavor in this method of globe making. There was an occasional
manifestation of independence and individuality, it is true, but in
general there was a disposition to copy, and the early seventeenth
century furnishes us an example in the reissue by Giuseppe de Rossi of
the work of Jodocus Hondius, but without credit, as has been previously
observed.
Among those who attained distinction in Italy in the first half of the
seventeenth century in the construction of globes having engraved gore
maps, may be named Mattheus Greuter. He was born in Strassburg in the
year 1556, where he learned designing and engraving. In early life he
went to Lyons in France where he carried on his work, but later he
removed to Avignon, adding to his art in this city that of type cutting.
We next find him in Rome, busily engaged in the work of engraving, in
which he had become exceedingly proficient, winning for himself a high
place among the Italian artists of his day. Map engraving, we learn,
early claimed his attention, and among his masterpieces in this field
may be mentioned a large map of Italy. Of this work no copy is at
present known, but it is thought that it probably served Magini as a
model for his “Italia” which was published in the year 1620. It could
not have been long after he had taken up his residence in Rome, where he
became a naturalized citizen, that he began the preparation of his first
terrestrial globe, which he issued in the year 1632. So well did he
perform his work that he is entitled to rank with the leading globe
makers of the Netherlands.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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