“Sir--By virtue of this my Order as one of His Majesty‘s Coroners for the _County of London_ you are hereby required to be and appear before me and the jury on ______ day, the ______ day of ______ at ______ o‘clock in the ______ noon, at ______ in the Parish of ______, then and there to give evidence on His Majesty‘s behalf touching the death of ____________, and to make or assist in making a _post-mortem_ examination of the Viscera of the Head, Chest, and Abdomen of the body of the said ____________ with ______ an analysis and report thereon at the said Inquest. And herein fail not at your peril. Dated the ______ day of ____________ 19.” (Signature of Coroner.) =Prosecution.=--There was no Public Prosecutor in England until some years ago, when an Act was passed authorising the appointment of such an official, who should undertake the duty of prosecuting in certain and specific cases of public importance, and in districts where the appointment might be agreed upon. In ordinary circumstances it has usually been left to the person against whom a crime has been committed to prosecute the offender. =Magistrates‘ Court.=--In the Magistrates‘ Court of Petty Sessions, the proceedings are for the purpose of investigating as to the culpability or non-culpability of a person accused of some criminal act, or criminal negligence. In this Court the accused person must be present, as the inquiry is relative to his guilt or innocence. Witnesses in this Court may be examined and cross-examined by counsel. A magisterial investigation cannot take place if no arrest have been made. The magistrate may deal summarily with cases of simple assault and such-like of minor import, but when the case is of a more serious nature, and in suspected manslaughter or murder, the accused person is committed to a superior Court for trial, such as the Court of Quarter Sessions, the Assize Court or, in London, the Central Criminal Court, all witnesses, medical or lay, being bound over to appear and give evidence. The summons to the Assizes is called a _subpœna_, and all witnesses receiving the same, when accompanied with reasonable travelling expenses, are bound to obey it. =Assizes.=--The Assizes comprise two Courts, the Crown Court and the Civil Court. A separate judge presides over each. In the former only cases of a criminal nature are tried; in the latter suits are tried between two parties. Medical practitioners may be called upon to give evidence in either Court, according to the nature of the case in which they are directly concerned. Prior to a case being investigated by a judge and petty jury, it has to come before the grand jury. This jury decides whether the case is a proper one to proceed to trial.