before dropping. In acariasis there may be scurf, scab, abrasion and sore of many kinds, but the outline is not necessarily circular, nor strictly limited, isolated hairs remain even on the bare patches, and itching is extreme as shown by the movement of the body and especially of the lips or foot when the part is scratched. The hair may be freely shed during convalescence from debilitating diseases, a condition that must not be confounded with the yearly shedding of the winter coat and the moulting of birds, which is a perfectly normal process. Yet even the spring shedding and the growth of the new coat makes a great drain on the system, and must always be taken into account as a probable cause of derangement of health. The lesions of the skin in the different cutaneous affections must be remanded to the special chapter on skin diseases. The following however may be named as having a general bearing. Emphysema may be due to a local wound, (elbow, trachea, rib); it may indicate black quarter, or it may occur subcutaneously in cattle without marked impairment of health. Anasarca, from diseased blood, heart, liver or kidneys is denoted by swellings, often painless, or a general infiltration which pits on pressure. It often shows primarily in the lower parts of the hind limbs. Warty looking elevations must be carefully discriminated, having in mind primarily papilloma, tubercle (grapes), actinomycosis, condyloma (in dogs), cancer, melanosis. The secretions of the skin (sweat, sebum) may be suppressed, or in excess, producing at times a special odor, as in thrush and canker of the horse, cowpox and sheeppox, and rheumatism. Before death the cadaveric odor may be marked, and attracts crowds of flies to the victim. =Facies.= The countenance may be expressive. Between the bright, full, clear, prominent eye of health, and the dull, sunken, lifeless, semi-closed eye of serious disease the contrast is extreme. The drooping lids (ptosis) may be paralytic and even unilateral, in which case drooping ear, and flaccid lips and alæ nasi complete the picture. With paralyzed lips there is usually drivelling of saliva, and dropping of half chewed morsels in the manger and stall. The eye may show dropsical lids in kidney or liver disease and in anæmic conditions like distomatosis in sheep. It may show the upper lid bent at an angle in recurrent ophthalmia of solipedes. The mucosa may be red in ophthalmia, yellow in jaundice, dusky brown in Southern cattle fever, anthrax, cerebral meningitis, and other fevers attended with destruction of red globules and liberation of their hæmatin. The pupils may be all but closed in internal ophthalmias, or widely dilated and irresponsive to light in amaurosis. The iris may lack its normal lustre or may be distorted or torn in various ways from adhesions. Opacities of the cornea, lens, or vitreous may be recognized.