Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
_Symptoms._ The animal is dull, sluggish, moves stiffly and with
difficulty, and shows hyperthermia, (102° to 106° F.), inappetence,
impaired or suspended rumination, heat of the roots of the ears and
horns, and of the dry muzzle; the spine, and usually certain points
beneath the sternum or abdomen at which swellings are about to appear,
are tender to the touch. On the affected parts of the skin the
temperature is raised, and there may be detected pea-like elevations
which become surrounded and enveloped in extensive swellings that pit on
pressure. The swellings show a preference for the thinner and looser
parts of the skin, and gravitate rapidly toward dependent parts. Thus,
the eyelids, roots of the ears, intermaxillary space, throat, muzzle,
dewlap, ventral aspect of the body, axilla, mammæ, scrotum, groin,
thigh, knee and hock are favorite spots, the liquid rapidly gravitating
downward through the loose connective tissue to the lowest points. The
face becomes infiltrated to unsightly dimensions, interrupting
prehension and threatening suffocation, the dewlap swells up to a great
size, the forearms or thighs become rounded and tense, and a thick pad
forms along the ventral aspect of the body. The white skin on such
swellings becomes red, they may ooze a yellowish liquid or blood, the
surface becomes depilated, scaly and rough, chaps and cracks appear,
going on, it may be, to deep fissures, more particularly at the flexures
of the joints, on the throat or muzzle, or on other points that are
subjected to pressure. Necrosis of great patches of skin is not
uncommon, and these sloughing off leave large wounds with unhealthy,
indolent surface and little disposed to rapid healing.
The petechiæ show early on the muzzle, the nasal and buccal mucosæ, and
on other mucous membranes. Exudations also appear and a serous, often
bloody, discharge escapes from the nose and concretes in colored
encrustations around the nostrils. The nose may be obstructed causing
the animal to breathe through the open mouth, protruding the tongue
which is often also the seat of extensive swelling, discoloration and
induration.
As the disease advances there is encreased dullness and prostration,
marked emaciation, and anæmia, sunken eyes, encrusted eyelids, extensive
areas of depilation including even the long hairs of the tail, and quite
often an abundant bloody diarrhœa.
The affection may last for 24 to 40 days and under rational treatment
the majority survive. There remains, however, in a certain number of
cases, a permanent enlargement and fibrous induration from the
organization of the exudate.
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