Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)Law, James
Science
Text book of veterinary medicine, Volume 4 (of 5)
Law, James
Veterinary medicine
Emaciation advances with great rapidity, the patient arches the back,
tucks up the abdomen, moves weakly and unsteadily or is unable to rise,
and dies in one or several weeks, it may be quietly or in a state of
coma, but usually without convulsions.
_Symptoms in Subacute and Chronic Forms._ In this type the disease may
be obscure, and even overlooked, so that infected animals carry the
microörganism into fresh herds, without rousing a suspicion as to its
true source. In other cases, after a slow and progressive development,
it takes on such a distinct pathognomonic character that its diagnosis
becomes more easy.
In the slightest cases there may be only a capricious or irregular
appetite, drooping tail, enlarged inguinal glands, and a progressive
emaciation, with loss of life and strength and occasional irregularity
of the bowels. The greasy exudation on the skin and black scaly
encrustation is not uncommon. Such patients usually survive but they are
liable to prove unthrifty and unprofitable.
In other cases the pig becomes dull and listless, leaves its fellows,
creeps and lies much under the litter, has impaired or irregular
appetite, some costiveness followed by a fœtid diarrhœa, abdominal
tenderness, enlarged inguinal glands, progressive emaciation, arched
loins, hollow flanks, skin exudation, and oftentimes in the end
erythematous eruption with petechiæ and black scaly exudate on the skin.
It is in these protracted cases especially that the formation and
detachment of the necrotic intestinal sloughs take place and these may
pass in the fæces as flattened rounded masses or more extensive plaques.
Necrotic ulcers are also liable to show on the buccal mucous membrane or
skin. The patient may finally die of colliquative diarrhœa, of
exhaustion and marasmus, in a state of coma as in the more acute cases.
The mortality may be high and the survivors are liable to prove
unthrifty and unprofitable.
_Diagnosis._ With a group of plagues in swine bearing a strong family
resemblance, and maintained by microörganisms, which, though maintaining
distinct characters, yet show so much in common that it seems not
impossible that they may have been originally derived from a common
ancestor, and in face of the not infrequent complication of two of these
microbes in one patient, it becomes a task of great difficulty to
diagnose at once the particular outbreak that is met with in the field.
In some outbreaks, however, the differential features are clear enough
to allow the veterinarian to pronounce at once on the true nature of the
disease. In others he must withhold his diagnosis until he can put it to
the test of microscopic examination, bacteriological culture, the Widal
test, or inoculation.
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