_Hog Cholera_ may be decided upon, when upon wholesome food, in healthy environment, without any change of food, and in six to fourteen days after the introduction of pigs from outside, or the arrival of strange pigs in the near vicinity, or higher up on the watershed, sickness appears tardily, taking one or two daily, with or without a sudden hyperthermia, petechiæ on nose, eyes, belly, axilla, or groin, a general soreness of the skin and abdomen, stiffness or weakness, hiding much under the litter, enlargement of the lymph glands, costiveness with dark red rectum and glazed dung, followed by a profuse, watery, fœtid, bloody, black or yellow diarrhœa, and death mostly after one or two weeks or more. The absence of cough, and the presence of ulcers bearing necrotic sloughs on the lips, mouth or skin, and above all the presence of the button-like necrotic ulcers on the mucosæ of the cæcum, colon or ileum may be accepted as conclusive evidence on this point. So also its prompt fatality to rodents, but not to pigeons. Swine erysipelas has a much shorter incubation, more rapid and violent onset, deeper, darker congestion of visible mucosæ, more extensive petechiæ of skin, mucosæ, serosæ, and tissues generally, a comparative absence of inflammatory and necrotic lesions of bowels, a very early and high mortality in swine, rabbits and pigeons, and a harmlessness toward the inoculated Guinea pig. _Swine plague_ also shows a shorter incubation, a speedy elevation of temperature, more mucous congestion, less indication of abdominal tenderness or of diarrhœa, more cough, dyspnœa, wheezing and objective symptoms of pulmonary consolidation, less congestion or engorgement of the spleen, or ulceration of the bowels, and finally is very much more fatal to pigeons, and spares neither rabbits nor Guinea pigs. _Widal test._ The cessation of movements and the agglutination of the bacilli of hog cholera, noted by Dawson, is a valuable test, but as in the case of typhoid fever in man is not to be implicitly relied on in all cases. Some of the forms of bacillus coli commune and other allied microbes act in a similar way. It necessitates the maintenance of fresh (24 hours) active, artificial, agar cultures of the hog cholera bacillus and is thus virtually reserved for the bacteriological laboratory. A drop of blood is drawn from the suspected pig smeared very thinly on the cover glass and about 10 times the amount of sterile water added. Then the smallest possible addition of the agar culture of the bacillus is made. Immediately, or in ½ hour the bacilli cease their active motility and mass together in clumps in which they can be seen individually clear and distinct but absolutely still and crossing each other in all directions forming a kind of network. A few isolated bacilli remaining in the intervals between the clumps and even showing a slight motility are not to be considered as invalidating the reaction.