The world which the theory of relativity presents to our imagination
is not so much a world of “things” in “motion” as a world of _events_.
It is true that there are still electrons and protons which persist,
but these (as we saw in the preceding chapter) are really to be
conceived as strings of connected events, like the successive notes
of a song. It is _events_ that are the stuff of relativity physics.
Between two events which are not too remote from each other there is,
in the general theory as in the special theory, a measurable relation
called “interval,” which appears to be the physical reality of which
lapse of time and distance in space are two more or less confused
representations. Between two distant events, there is not any one
definite interval. But there is one way of moving from one event to
another which makes the sum of all the little intervals along the route
greater than by any other route. This route is called a “geodesic,” and
it is the route which a body will choose if left to itself.
The whole of relativity physics is a much more step-by-step matter than
the physics and geometry of former days. Euclid’s straight lines have
to be replaced by light rays, which do not quite come up to Euclid’s
standard of straightness when they pass near the sun or any other very
heavy body. The sum of the angles of a triangle is still thought to be
two right angles in very remote regions of empty space, but not where
there is matter in the neighborhood. We, who cannot leave the earth,
are incapable of reaching a place where Euclid is true. Propositions
which used to be proved by reasoning have now become either
conventions, or merely approximate truths verified by observation.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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