The place fitted for the establishment of an International Institute
should be one which can be reached with comparative facility by
investigators of the different nationalities. It must be one free
from the objections due to national susceptibilities. It should also
be, if possible, a place agreeable to live in; a place where work can
be carried on through the year; and a place where expenses, both the
personal expenses of the investigators, and the general expenses of
the Institute, are not excessive. Venice has been suggested as a place
fulfilling the above requirements. It can be reached readily from
all parts of Europe, and is as accessible to Americans as any other
European city. Living is very cheap, and, indeed, all expenses are very
moderate.
On sea level itself, Venice is within near distance of very high
altitude, and hence offers facilities for the study of the effects
of climatic influence on nutrition. It is also sufficiently near the
Regina Margherita Laboratory, on Monte Rosa, to enable the observations
made at the two places to be coördinated. Venice is, moreover, a
cosmopolitan centre; and persons of many different nations and races
might readily be obtained as subjects for observation and experiment.
On the other hand, it may be regarded as essential to the complete
success of the proposed Institute that both the director and those
engaged in investigation should have ample opportunities of ready and
frequent intercourse with eminent men engaged in investigation in
Physics, Chemistry, and the allied sciences. The help which is thus
gained by intercourse with men at the very head of various scientific
inquiry cannot be supplied in any other way. There is also an urgent
reason for ready access to a most thoroughly equipped scientific
library. It is also essential that the Institute should have facility
of obtaining, or of getting constructed, with the least possible delay
such apparatus as it might need. These essentials cannot be supplied
otherwhere than in great centres of scientific activity. A small
university cannot supply them. If they are insisted on, the Institute
must be located in a place which has metropolitan distinction and holds
not only a large but an active university. The choice of a situation,
from this point of view, in Europe, is thus almost limited to such
places as Paris, Berlin, Vienna, or London. Of these London probably
best recommends itself for international purposes.
But, on the other hand, London is distinctly an expensive place to live
in. Indeed, all expenses there are great, and the same may be said of
any great metropolitan centre. Moreover, London cannot be reached from
the countries of Europe without sea transit.
The choice between such a place as London and such a place as Venice
must depend upon the relative weight attached, on the one hand, to the
scientific advantages dwelt on above, and, on the other hand, to the
advantages other than scientific.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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