The agricultural and forest products of British West AfricaDudgeon, Gerald C. (Gerald Cecil)
History
The agricultural and forest products of British West Africa
Dudgeon, Gerald C. (Gerald Cecil)
Agriculture -- Africa, West; Forest products -- Africa, West
Fields or waste lands outside town or village limits in the Sierra
Leone Peninsula and Sherbro Island must be taken up in lots of not
less than 20, or more than 200, acres. Such lots are disposed of at
auction, at an upset price of 4_s_. 2_d_. per acre in the former,
and 8_s_. in the latter locality. Up to 1902 the question of land
grants in the Protectorate was unsettled, but arrangements may now
be come to with the chiefs for the lease of tracts of land for long
periods on an annual rental, agreed to between the applicant and
the tribal council; the title requiring the confirmation of the
Government. According to native law, it is generally recognised
that the lands of a chiefdom are not the property of the chief,
but are held in trust by him for the tribe. A chief has no power
to alienate any portion of the land of a chiefdom, or to grant to
any one perpetual rights to any portion, but the lease of land by
an arrangement with the tribal council, and with the approval of
Government, should be satisfactory for all requirements with regard
to legal title.
=Labour.=—Plantations worked by chiefs at the instigation
of Government are usually supplied with labour by the chief,
although monetary assistance in the form of bonuses is occasionally
given. Under such conditions experimental plantations of fibre,
rubber, kola, etc., have been made. There is no fixed rate of pay
for labourers, but the usual wage for an adult man, when hired,
is from 6_d_. to 1_s_. per day.
=Cultivation.=—Throughout the country a shallow type of cultivation
is common, and one in which the bush stumps and roots are not
removed. The seeds of a number of different kinds of agricultural
crops are generally mixed together before being sown broadcast over
the lightly scraped soil of the burnt bush area.
The object of retaining the bush stumps and roots in the fields
is that, after two or three years of cultivation, the bush may
be easily reinstated, and again after ten or fifteen years, when
cut down and burnt, it furnishes a supply of wood ash for the
fertilisation of the field. This application of ash constitutes
the only form of artificial renovation which the soil ever receives.
Recently experiments have been made in the presence of natives,
in order to show the advantages of deep cultivation. To effect
this, without the employment of ploughs, the fork kodalli hoe,
recommended by the writer, has been introduced and generally
adopted. The substantial increase in the production of their rice
fields obtained by the use of this implement made a fortunate
impression among the natives.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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