The Alósaka cult of the Hopi IndiansFewkes, Jesse Walter
Religion
The Alósaka cult of the Hopi Indians
Fewkes, Jesse Walter
Hopi Indians -- Religion
“They again repented, and carved two stone images of the _Alósaka_
which they painted and decked with feathers and sought to propitiate
the mother. She was full of pity for her people, and prayed to the
Sky-god[27] to relieve them. A period elapsed in which their sufferings
were in great measure abated.
“The _Patuñ_ then sought to join the _Pátki_ clans, but the _Pátki_
would not permit this, and compelled them to keep east of Awatobi.
“Many ruins of phratry and family houses of the _Patuñ_ people exist
on the small watercourses north of the Puerco at various distances
eastward from the present village of Walpi. The nearest are almost
fifteen miles, the farthest about fifty miles.[28]
“Their wandering course was now stayed. When they essayed to move
farther eastward, a nomadic hunting race who occupied that region
besought them not to advance farther. Their evil notoriety had
preceded them, and the nomads feared the malificent influence of
their neighborhood. It would seem, however, that instead of hostile
demonstrations the nomads entered into a treaty with them, offering to
pay tribute of venison, roots, and grass-seeds, if they would abstain
from traversing and blighting their land, to which the _Patuñ_ agreed.
“But these unfortunate wretches were soon again embroiled in factional
warfare which finally involved all the Hopi, and the stone images of
the _Alósaka_ were lost or destroyed. Famine and pestilence again
decimated them, until finally the _Alósaka katcina_ appeared to them
and instructed them to carve[29] two wooden images, but threatening
them that if these should be lost or destroyed all the people would
die.”
* * * * *
Many other but widely divergent legends exist regarding _Alósaka_, a
number of which are associated with the pueblo of Awatobi, which was
formerly one of the most populous Hopi towns. At one time this village
experienced drouth and famine, and _Alósaka_, from his home in the San
Francisco mountains, observed the trouble of the people. Disguised as
a youth he visited Awatobi and became enamored with a maiden of that
town. Several times he visited her, but no one knew whence he came or
whither he went, for his trail no one could follow. The parents of the
girl at last discovered that he came on the rainbow, and recognized him
as a divine being. The children of this maid were horned beings, or
_Alósakas_, but their identity was not at first recognized.
Like all the cultus heroes, _Alósaka_ is said, in legends, to have been
miraculously born of a virgin. His father was the Sun, his mother an
Earth-goddess, sometimes called a maiden. Like many gods, he traveled
on the rainbow; he lived at Tawaki, the house of his father, the Sun,
or the San Francisco mountains.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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