3. The _Aaltû_ priesthood at Walpi, who personate _Alósakas_, perform duties suggestive of those of warriors. 4. The intimate relationship of _Alósaka_ rites with those of the Rain-cloud clans supports legends that they were at one time associated and brought from southern Arizona by the Squash people who formerly lived with or near the Rain-cloud people along Little Colorado river. 5. The _Alósaka_ cult is a highly modified form of animal totemism, and the _Alósaka_ represents the mountain sheep. The Knickerbocker Press, New York FOOTNOTES: [1] These studies were made under the auspices of the Bureau of American Ethnology. [2] The author has been told that they were deposited among the foothills of the coffin-shaped mesa southwest of Awatobi. [3] See _Fifteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology_, plate CX. [4] The mountain sheep or mountain “goat” was formerly abundant in the mountains which form the watershed between Gila and Little Colorado rivers, and Castañeda speaks of seeing and following them after leaving Chichilticalli, probably in the White mountains. This animal was no doubt well known to the clans who lived in the southern parts of Arizona, before they migrated northward, and worship of it was the original form of the _Alósaka_ cult. [5] They also founded the pueblo of Tcukubi, the ruins of which are still to be seen on the Middle Mesa. [6] The two societies called the _Tataukyamû_ and _Wüwütcimtû_ are termed phallic because they wear on their breasts, arms, and legs, figures of human phalli, and carry in their hands realistic representations of the external female organ of generation cut out of wood or watermelon rind. The former society was introduced from Awatobi by Tapolo, the chief of the Tobacco clan; the latter by the Squash clans, now extinct in Walpi. Both these clans originally came from the banks of Little Colorado river near Winslow; the Tobacco from Cakwabaiyaki, now in ruins at the mouth of Chevlon Fork. See _Smithsonian Report_ for 1896. [7] See _American Anthropologist_, vol. XI, p. 20; also _American Anthropologist_, N. S., April, 1899. [8] At Walpi he has a line of feathers tied along his arm. [9] A similar method of smoking has previously been described in an account of the sixteen songs sung by the Antelope priests in their kiva on each day of the Snake dance at Walpi.