[10] A pantomimic prayer or symbolic representation by which man shows his wishes to the gods by acting out what he desires instead of verbally petitioning them. This ceremony comes fairly within a definition of religious rites found in Tylor’s _Primitive Culture_ (p. 363): “In part they [religious rites] are expressions and symbolic performances, the dramatic utterance of religious thought, the gesture language of theology.” The interpretation of savage rites as a sign language to the gods, and the relation of the altar to primitive ceremony have been ably discussed by Major Powell, to whom the writer is greatly indebted for a proper understanding of the significance of primitive altars. (See _American Anthropologist_, N. S., vol. I, p. 26 et seq.) [11] The word _Kwátaka_ admits of the following derivation: _Kwáhu_, eagle; _táka_, man, = Eagle-man; or, more probably, _kwáhu_, eagle; _tokpela_, the cross, symbol of the sky. This cross or four-pointed star appears on many ancient pictures of _Kwátaka_. (See _Smithsonian Report_, 1896, pl. xlviii.) [12] _Powalawû_ is a part of the Oraibi _Powamû_ ceremony which has never been described. [13] _American Anthropologist_, vol. XI, 1898, pl. ii. [14] This relationship is yet to be determined at Oraibi, and the statement is derived from studies of the sociology of the East Mesa pueblos. [15] _American Anthropologist_, vol. XI, 1898, p. 23. [16] _Tuñ_ (Tewa), sun; _wupo_ (Hopi), great = “great sun _katcina_.” [17] Palátkwabi, a legendary home on the Gila. [18] Probably the Squash and Rain-cloud clans. [19] Even the southern clans are supposed to have originally emerged from the underworld through the Grand canyon, but after their emergence drifted into the south, just as the white men, who are said to have emerged from the same place, went to the far east. [20] This indicates that the two groups referred to were the Squash and Rain-cloud clans, for the former later settled on the Middle Mesa and the latter joined the Snake people at Walpi. [21] Homolobi, near Winslow, Arizona. The several pueblos which these clans built and inhabited in their migration to Walpi were Kuñchalpi, Utcevaca, Kwiñapa, Jettypehika (Navaho name of Chaves Pass and also the two ruins at that place called Tcubkwitcalobi by the Hopi), Homolobi, Sipabi (near one of the Hopi or Moki buttes), and Pakatcomo. [22] The last pueblo inhabited by the _Pátki_ people before they joined the Walpi is now a ruin called Pakatcomo in the valley south of the East Mesa near the wash. It is a small ruin, not more than four miles away, and its mounds are easily seen from the mesa top. [23] The Great Serpent. [24] This was possibly the personation of the Sun or other solar deity.