During this same winter there was another pretender to kingship, helped
by another governor friend of Macrinus, a certain Senator Valerianus
Paetus. This man’s crime lay in the fact that, after the imperial custom,
he had coined gold pieces bearing his own image and superscription, and
distributed these amongst the people of Cappadocia and Galatia, which
was considered tantamount to a declaration of imperial proclamation. His
defence, when apprehended, was that the medals were actually intended
for the adornment of his mistresses. The court found, however, that no
sane man could reasonably possess this luxury in sufficient numbers to
justify the coining of the amount of medals discovered; besides which,
his accomplice Sylla, Governor of Cappadocia, who had just before been
tampering with the loyalty of the Gallic Legions, on their way through
Bithynia, was mixed up in the plot quite inextricably. So the judgment
given was, “guilty of usurping imperial functions, and aspiring to
empire”; rather a larger count, all considered, than the kindred count
of “coining,” which merited death in this enlightened and humane country
up to the year of grace 1832. Throughout the trials we are given to
infer that the usual course of judicial procedure was adhered to; the
condemnation was after trial and just cause found; while those who know
anything of Roman legal procedure are aware that every chance was given
to the accused, and that the burden of proof lay on the accuser.
But to return to the chronological arrangement of the events during this
sojourn in the East. As we have said, on 9th June 218 Antonine entered
Antioch amidst the applause of the world. As far as we can judge from
Herodian’s statement, he must have stayed there for some months. The
pressure of immediate government business would be enormous, the various
legates had to be sent forth, the submission of governors received, and
the army question settled, along with other outstanding difficulties,
and in consequence the season was far advanced, says Herodian, when the
imperial family reached Nicomedia, too late for them to attempt the
crossing into Europe. Besides the business delays, much time must have
been wasted by the Emperor’s determination to take the image of the Great
God with him, and wherever he should reign, there to set up the temple of
that supreme ineffable Deity.
Duruy states that during his residence at Antioch, or on the journey
across Asia Minor, the Emperor reconsecrated to Elagabal the temple of
Faustina which Marcus Aurelius had erected on Mount Taurus. If this be
so, it could only have been as a temporary resting-place. The Deity, we
are assured, had no settled home after leaving Emesa until the great
temple or Eliogabalium was erected on the Palatine. There was one person
to whom these delays appeared as highly unnecessary, namely, the Dowager
Empress Julia Maesa.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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