[286] Von Tschudi, _Organismus der Khetsua Sprache_, s. 66. Hervas was also of the opinion that both Quitu and Scyra were Kechua dialects (_Catalogo de las Lenguas Conocidas_, Tom. I., p. 276). [287] A. Bastian, _Die Culturländer des Alten Americas_, Bd. II., s. 93. [288] Juan de Velasco, _Histoire du Royaume de Quito_, pp. 11-21, sq. (Ed. Ternaux-Compans, Paris, 1840.) But Cieza de Leon’s expressions imply the existence of the matriarchal system among them. See Markham’s translation, p. 83, note. Some claim that the Quitus were a different, and, in their locality, a more ancient tribe than the Caras. [289] _Relaciones Geograficas de Indias_. Peru. Tom. I., p. 19. (Madrid, 1881.) [290] In _Le Tour du Monde_, 1883, p. 406. The word _Yumbo_ appears to be derived from the Paez _yombo_, river, and was applied to the down-stream Indians. [291] “Casi tal come lo enseñaron los conquistadores.” Manuel Villavicencio, _Geografia de la Republica del Ecuador_, pp. 168, 354, 413, etc. (New York, 1858.) According to Dr. Middendorf, the limit of the Incarial power (which, however, is not identical in this region with that of the Kechua tongue), was the Blue river, the Rio Ancasmayu, an affluent of the upper Patia. (_Ollanta, Einleitung_, s. 5. Berlin, 1890.) [292] Mr. C. Buckley, “Notes on the Macas Indians of Ecuador,” in _Journal of the Anthropological Institute_, 1874, pp. 29, sqq. [293] References in Waitz, _Anthropologie der Naturvölker_, Bd. III., s. 492. [294] _Arte de la Lengua Chilena_, Introd. (Lima, 1606). [295] Paul Topinard, in _Revue d’Anthropologie_, Tome IV., pp. 65-67. [296] Lucien Carr, _Fourth Report of the Peabody Museum of Archæology_. [297] I would especially refer to the admirable analysis of the Peruvian governmental system by Dr. Gustav Brühl, _Die Culturvölker Alt-Amerikas_, p. 335, sqq. (Cincinnati, 1887.) I regret that the learned Kechuist, Dr. E. W. Middendorf, had not studied this book before he prepared his edition of the _Ollanta_ drama (Berlin, 1890), or he would have modified many of the statements in its _Einleitung_. [298] See J. J. von Tschudi, “Das Lama,” in _Zeitschrift für Ethnologie_, 1885, s. 93. [299] Dr. Nehring has shown that all the breeds of Peruvian dogs can be traced back to what is known as the Inca shepherd dog. _Zeitschrift für Ethnologie_, 1885, s. 520. [300] _Grundriss der Sprachwissenschaft_, Bd. II., Abth. I., 370. [301] A careful edition is that of G. Pacheco Zegarra, _Ollantai; Drame en Vers Quechuas du temps des Incas_ (Paris, 1878); an English translation, quite faulty, was given by C. G. Markham (London, 1871); one in Kechua and German by Von Tschudi, and recently (1890) Dr. Middendorf’s edition claims greater accuracy than its predecessors. [302] Espada, _Yaravies Quiteños_. (Madrid, 1881.) [303] J. J. Von Tschudi, _Organismus der Khetsua Sprache_ (Leipzig, 1884); Dr. E. W. Middendorf, _Das Runa Simi, oder die Keshua Sprache_. (Leipzig, 1890.)