The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, MéxicoDuellman, William Edward
Science
The Amphibians and Reptiles of Michoacán, México
Duellman, William Edward
Amphibians -- Mexico -- Michoacán de Ocampo; Reptiles -- Mexico -- Michoacán de Ocampo
Angahuan (5); Cuitzeo (4); Cuseño Station (2); Jiquilpan
(9); Morelia (7); Pátzcuaro (3); Quiroga; Tarécuaro; Uruapan
(24); Zacapu.
This small toad has been found at elevations between 1500 and 2500
meters on the Mexican Plateau and associated mountain ranges; it occurs
in mesquite-grassland and in pine forests. Calling males and females
laden with eggs have been collected in the rainy season in the months of
July and August. The call is a medium-pitched snore. In living
individuals the dorsal ground color varies from pale brown to gray with
dark brown or olive-brown markings. In many individuals the tips of the
small dorsal pustules are red.
~Bufo coccifer~ Cope
_Bufo coccifer_ Cope, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia,
18:130, 1866--Arriba, Costa Rica.
Apatzingán (27); Lombardia; Nueva Italia (5).
In life the dorsal color pattern consists of a yellowish tan ground
color with dark brown spots; the middorsal stripe is deep yellow or
cream color. The venter is a dusty cream color, and the iris is pale
gold. Males have dark brown horny nuptial tuberosities on the thumb. The
following measurements are of 21 males and four females, respectively:
snout-vent length, 43.5-51.7 (48.1), 55.6-62.6 (59.1); tibia length,
16.6-18.8 (17.6), 18.8-20.3 (19.3); head width, 16.7-19.7 (18.4),
20.6-22.2 (21.4); head length, 13.8-16.6 (14.8), 16.5-18.2 (17.3).
The specimens from the Tepalcatepec Valley differ slightly from
specimens from southeastern México and Central America. Those from
Michoacán have low and narrow cranial crests; in about one-half of the
specimens the occipital crest exists only as a row of tubercles, and in
some the postorbital and suborbital crests are barely discernible.
Specimens from the southern part of the range, Costa Rica and Nicaragua,
have much higher and thicker cranial crests; in these the occipital
crest is well defined and extends posteriorly to a point back of the
anterior edge of the parotid gland; the postorbital and suborbital
crests are well marked. Of 48 specimens from Esquipulas, Guatemala, all
have high crests, but these are not so well developed as in ten
specimens from Matagalpa, Nicaragua, and three from various localities
in Costa Rica. Six specimens from Tehuantepec, Oaxaca, have cranial
crests that are lower than those in specimens from Guatemala. In three
of the specimens from Tehuantepec the occipital crests are reduced to a
series of tubercles. Of six specimens from Agua del Obispo, Guerrero,
four have poorly developed occipital crests. These observations suggest
the presence of a cline in the development of the cranial crests;
specimens have higher crests in the southern part of the range than in
the northern part.
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