--It will not do to say that lost portions of the body were not _essential_--who is to determine? --The relation between the living agent, and the most essential parts of the body, is only one by which they mutually affect each other. 3.) If we regard our body as made up of organs of sense, we come to the same result. --We see with the eyes, just as we do with glasses. The eye is not a _recipient_, any more than a telescope. --It is not pretended that vision, hearing, &c. can be traced clear up to the percipient; but so far as we can trace perceptions, the _organ_ does not perceive. --In dreams we perceive without organs. --When we lose a limb we do not lose the _directing power_; we could move a new one, if it could be made, or a wooden one. But the limb cut off has no power of moving. --Thus, our loss of the _organs_ of perception and motion, not being the destruction of the power, there is no ground to think that the destruction of other organs or instruments would destroy _us_. _Objection._ These observations apply equally to brutes. _Ans._ 1. Be it so. Perhaps they are immortal:--may hereafter improve: we know not what latent powers they may have. 1.) The human being at one period looks as little likely to make great intellectual attainments; for a long time he has capacities for virtue and religion, but cannot use them. 2.) Many persons go out of the world who never became able to exercise these capacities; _e.g._ infants. _Ans._ 2. If brutes were immortal, it does not prove them to be _moral agents_. 1.) It may be necessary, for aught we know, that there should be living creatures not moral agents, nor rational. 2.) All difficulties as to what would become of them, are founded in our ignorance. =2.= That our souls, though not material, so depend upon the bodily structure, that we cannot survive its destruction. _Ans._ 1. Reason, memory, &c. _do not_ depend on the body, as perceptions by the senses do. Death may destroy those _instruments_, and yet not destroy the _powers_ of reflection. _Ans._ 2. Human beings exist, here, in two very different states, each having its own laws: sensation and reflection. By the first we feel; by the second we reason and will. 1.) Nothing which we know to be destroyed at death, is necessary to reflecting on ideas formerly received. 2.) Though the senses act like scaffolds, or levers, to _bring in_ ideas, yet when once in, we can reflect, &c. without their aid. _Ans._ 3. There are diseases which prove fatal, &c., yet do not, in any part of their course, _impair_ the intellect; and this indicates that they do not _destroy_ it.