The anatomy of the domestic fowlKaupp, B. F. (Benjamin Franklyn)
Science
The anatomy of the domestic fowl
Kaupp, B. F. (Benjamin Franklyn)
Poultry -- Anatomy
The inferior narrow elongated end of the coracoid forms with the sternum
a true articulation, which is provided with a capsular ligament, the
_ligamentum capsulare_. Capsular ligaments occur at the articulations
between the sternum and ribs.
=Ligaments of the Shoulder-joint= (Fig. 13).—The shoulder-joint is made
up of the scapula, the humerus, and the coracoid. The ends of these
three bones form the _foramen triosseum_ (Fig. 15, No. _A_, 7) through
which passes the tendon of the elevator muscle of the wing.
The furcula, independent of the shoulder-joint or girdle, is attached to
the supero-internal part of the proximal end of the coracoid by fibrous
connective tissue; it is also connected to the other bones of the
shoulder-joint by the _ligamentum coraco-furculare_ and the _ligamentum
furculo-scapulare_.
The _ligamentum coraco-scapulare_ extends from the tuberosity of the
furcula to the coracoid and to the processus furcularis of the scapula.
The _ligamentum coracoido-scapulare externum_ extends between the
external tuberosity of the coracoid, the tuberosity of the scapula, and
the humerus.
The _ligamentum coracoideo-scapulare inferius_ extends from the coracoid
to the inner tubercle of the scapula.
Another long, broad ligament belongs to the episternal apparatus.
The shoulder-joint is provided with a wide, loose, _capsular ligament_
(Fig. 13, No. 13). Attached to the humerus are four other ligaments, of
which three pass from the anterior end of the coracoid and the fourth
from the scapula. The latter are as follows: first, the _supero-anterior
ligamentum humero-coracoideum_, which extends from the small tubercle of
the humerus to the coracoid bone; second, the _antero-inferior
ligamentum humero-coracoideum_, which extends from the humerus to the
coracoid; third, the _ligamentum coraco-humerale_, which extends from
the coracoid to the large tubercle of the humerus; fourth, the
_ligamentum humero-scapulare_ which extends between the processus
humeralis of the scapula and the head of the humerus.
=Ligaments of the Elbow-joint= (Fig. 14).—The elbow-joint is made up of
the ulna, radius and the humerus. The ligaments of the elbow-joint are
as follows: the _ligamentum capsulare cubiti_, or capsular ligament,
which extends from the processus cubitalis of the humerus to the
processus olecranalis coracoideus of the ulna and to the tuberositas
radii of the radius (Fig. 15, No 5).
The _ligamentum laterale cubiti externum_ connects the outer humeral
distal extremity with the head of the radius (Fig. 15, No. 2).
The _ligamentum laterale cubiti internum_ lies between the inner distal
extremity of the humerus and the tuberculum internum of the ulna (Fig.
14, No. 9).
The _ligamentum annulare radii_ originates on the olecranon, surrounds
the head of the radius, and is attached to the tuberculum internum of
the ulna (Fig. 15, No. 3).
The _ligamentum cubiti teres_ extends from the head of the radius to the
upper end of the ulna (Fig. 15, No. 4).
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