[35] On primitive beliefs as to a man’s shadow being a vital part of himself, see FRAZER, _The Golden Bough_, Vol. I., pp. 141-44. [36] See MASPERO, _Recueil de Travaux relatifs à Égypt_, III., p. 105 _et seq._; and _Histoire Ancienne des Peuples de l’Orient_, Vol. I., p. 114. In _The Book of the Dead_, chap. lxxxix., 3, the KHÛ is mentioned in connection with the BA; in chap. cxlix., 40, with the KHAÏB; and in chap. xcii., 5, with both. [37] See p. 30. [38] A certain part in the religious life of our own time has been played by a similar “Hypocephalus,” viz., the Mormon Scriptures (cf.: Joseph Smith, _A Pearl of Great Price_, 1851, p. 7). For particulars of the Hypocephalus of the illustration see _Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archæology_, Vol. VI., p. 52, and plate. [39] See Ebers, _Æg. Zeitschr._, 1867, p. 108; 1871, p. 48; WIEDEMANN, _Proceedings of the Orientalist Congress at St. Etienne_, II., p. 155. [40] The “Negative Confession” forms chap. cxxv. of _The Book of the Dead_, and varies slightly in different copies. The following is Renouf’s translation of the chapter as it appears in a Nineteenth Dynasty papyrus (see _The Papyrus of Ani_, London, 1890):—“I am not a doer of what is wrong. I am not a plunderer. I am not a robber. I am not a slayer of men. I do not stint the quantity of corn. I am not a niggard. I do not seize the property of the gods. I am not a teller of lies. I am not a monopoliser of food. I am no extortioner. I am not unchaste. I am not the cause of others’ tears. I am not a dissembler. I am not a doer of violence. I am not of domineering character. I do not pillage cultivated land. I am not an eavesdropper. I am not a chatterer. I do not dismiss a case through self-interest. I am not unchaste with women or men. I am not obscene. I am not an exciter of alarms. I am not hot in speech. I do not turn a deaf ear to the words of righteousness. I am not foul-mouthed. I am not a striker. I am not a quarreller. I do not revoke my purpose, I do not multiply clamour in reply to words. I am not evil-minded or a doer of evil. I am not a reviler of the king. I put no obstruction upon the water. I am not a bawler. I am not a reviler of the God. I am not fraudulent. I am not sparing in offerings to the gods. I do not deprive the dead of the funeral cakes. I do not take away the cakes of the child, or profane the god of my locality. I do not kill sacred animals.”