No open space under the arena _ib._ A large number of broken columns and capitals have fallen from the upper gallery on to the arena, and into the _cavea_ _ib._ XI. Representation of the amphitheatre on coins _ib._ XXI. Acts of Commodus in this building described by Dion Cassius 22 The awning of Nero mentioned by Pliny 23 XIII. Contrivances for supporting it. Masts and corbels _ib._ Awning of the amphitheatre at Pompeii—shewn in a fresco 24 Castra Misenatium, for the sailors employed here in furling and unfurling the awning, or _vela_, or _velaria_ _ib._ The wooden upper storey burnt, A.D. 217 25 A.D. 217. Restored by Heliogabalus, Alexander Severus, and Gordianus _ib._ The number of wild beasts kept for the shows, A.D. 244 _ib._ 100 lions killed at once in the shows 26 A.D. 320. The building damaged by lightning; restored by Constantine _ib._ —— 357. Amphitheatre described as perfect by Ammianus Marcellinus _ib._ —— 445. Restored by Lampadius, after being much damaged by an earthquake 27 —— 508. Again restored by Venantius Basilius _ib._ —— 519. Used for shows of wild beasts by Theodoric _ib._ —— 523. Again used. This is the last occasion mentioned _ib._ The building apparently perfect in the time of Bede _ib._ A.D. 1130. The building made part of the fortress of the Frangipani 28 —— 1227. Half of the fortress given to the Annibaldi by Frederic II., but the grant rescinded by Innocent IV., in 1244 _ib._ —— 1349. The building much damaged by an earthquake _ib._ —— 1362. It is made common property as a stone-quarry for the great families 29 —— Several palaces built of stone from this quarry _ib._ —— 1540. Miracle plays performed there _ib._ —— The view of Jerusalem belongs to this time _ib._ —— 1575. Sixtus V. began to make it a cloth manufactory _ib._ —— 1703. The building again damaged by an earthquake 30 —— 1728. Benedict XIII. consecrated the whole area as a church _ib._ —— 1749. The cross and the stations erected by Benedict XIV. _ib._ —— 1756. A grand mass celebrated here by the Cardinal Vicar _ib._