DR. FAUGHT:—I would like to say a word about that one little squeal that has been spoken of. I do not think we dentists quite appreciate what that one little squeal means. I think it means a feeling of fear and distrust in our patients for years afterwards. I believe also that when we avoid giving pain to a patient, or stop a slight pain, it pays in our dealings with the patient in future years. They never forget it, but we forget them because we see so many of them, but each patient remembers that somewhere in his or her mouth there was one little turn given that caused intense pain, and they remember that _you_ did it. It always causes a feeling of dread when they sit in our chairs again for another operation. I believe that we should, more than we do, try to protect our patients from every annoyance, however slight, even at the expense of a little more time. There are many cases where the use of mechanical separators is unobjectionable, and when it facilitates such work. I wish to call your attention to a method of separating not my own. It is the use of a little piece of tape. I hand a little piece of tape to my patient with instructions how to use it, and in the course of four or five days the necessary space is obtained, and quite painlessly. When they return the mouth is in condition for the operation, and they do not seem to have hurt themselves, and _you_ have not hurt them. DR. PINNEY:—After you have gained the beautiful space by the use of tape or some other appliance, do you not have sore teeth. One good point in favor of the separator is, that after you get these teeth separated, the pressure of the instrument is so positive that there is no pain whatever during the operation of filling. But when you separate them with tape, the teeth are loose and sore, and a little pressure upon them causes intense pain. The pain is so much greater than that which caused the little squeal in immediate separation, that almost any one would prefer the squeal. DR. FAUGHT:—I would suggest the use of a little cocaine just before the operation.