In the Infantry, the smallest independent body of troops, or “tactical unit,” is a battalion (except in the case of the independent Rifle battalions, where the unit is represented by the company). In the Cavalry it is a squadron, and in the Artillery a battery. The war strength of a battalion is, at the outside, 1,000 men; that of a squadron is about 150 mounted men; and that of a battery is 6 guns, with 12 wagons and men in proportion. The peace-strength of each unit is dependent, on the one hand, on the numbers required for its full strength in time of war; and, on the other hand, on the amount of training requisite for its efficiency. In a less degree also, it is dependent on the state of the Treasury. The peace-strength of a Prussian Line battalion (4 companies) is:— 1 major (commanding the battalion), 4 captains, 12 lieutenants and 2nd lieutenants, 1 adjutant (usually a lieutenant), 559 N. C. O.’s and men, and 7 others (paymaster, assistant-paymaster, 4 privates trained as medical assistants, and 1 armourer-sergeant). [Illustration: German Empire. III. _Printed by G. Löwensohn, Fuerth Bavaria_ _Published by William Clowes & Sons, L^{d}, London._] N.B.—A Regiment of Infantry consists of three battalions, so that in calculating the strength of a regiment, the regimental staff (colonel, lieutenant-colonel, regimental-adjutant, surgeons, etc.), should be taken into account. That of a Prussian Cavalry Regiment of five squadrons is:— 25 officers, 2 or 3 surgeons, 686 N. C. O.’s and men, 14 others (paymasters, veterinary surgeons, medical assistants, armourers, etc., etc.), and 667 horses. The peace-strength of the corresponding troops in Bavaria, Württemberg, and Saxony is much the same. The Guard regiments and those in Alsace-Lorraine are somewhat stronger. * * * * * [Sidenote: +Formation of Brigades, Divisions, and Army Corps.+] As a rule, two regiments of Infantry (6 battalions), or two of Cavalry (8 to 10 squadrons), form a Brigade, under a Major-general as brigadier. The first unit composed of all three arms is the Infantry division. It consists of usually two brigades of Infantry and one regiment of Cavalry; and, in the field, has in addition 6 batteries of Artillery and 1 company of Engineers, the whole under the command of a lieutenant-general. A Cavalry Division varies in strength, but has always, if possible, one or two batteries of Horse Artillery attached. [Illustration: Prussian Officer and Trumpeter of Artillery.] Two, or three, Infantry Divisions, with a brigade (2 regiments) of Field Artillery, Engineers and Train, constitute an Army Corps, under the command of a full general. The Army Corps therefore comprises all branches of the service, and is thoroughly independent.