34. With Wu Yuan himself the case is just the reverse:—a spurious treatise on war has been fathered on him simply because he was a great general. Here we have an obvious inducement to forgery. Sun Wu, on the other hand, cannot have been widely known to fame in the 5th century. 35. From _Tso Chuan:_ "From the date of King Chao’s accession [515] there was no year in which Ch’u was not attacked by Wu." 36. Preface ad fin: "My family comes from Lo-an, and we are really descended from Sun Tzŭ. I am ashamed to say that I only read my ancestor’s work from a literary point of view, without comprehending the military technique. So long have we been enjoying the blessings of peace!" 37. Hoa-yin is about 14 miles from T’ung-kuan on the eastern border of Shensi. The temple in question is still visited by those about the ascent of the Western Sacred Mountain. It is mentioned in a text as being "situated five _li_ east of the district city of Hua-yin. The temple contains the Hua-shan tablet inscribed by the T’ang Emperor Hsuan Tsung [713-755]." 38. See my "Catalogue of Chinese Books" (Luzac & Co., 1908), no. 40. 39. This is a discussion of 29 difficult passages in Sun Tzŭ. 40. Cf. Catalogue of the library of Fan family at Ningpo: "His commentary is frequently obscure; it furnishes a clue, but does not fully develop the meaning." 41. _Wen Hsien T’ung K’ao_, ch. 221. 42. It is interesting to note that M. Pelliot has recently discovered chapters 1, 4 and 5 of this lost work in the "Grottos of the Thousand Buddhas." See B.E.F.E.O., t. VIII, nos. 3-4, p. 525. 43. The Hsia, the Shang and the Chou. Although the last-named was nominally existent in Sun Tzŭ’s day, it retained hardly a vestige of power, and the old military organization had practically gone by the board. I can suggest no other explanation of the passage. 44. See _Chou Li_, xxix. 6-10. 45. _T’ung K’ao_, ch. 221. 46. This appears to be still extant. See Wylie’s "Notes," p. 91 (new edition). 47. _T’ung K’ao_, loc. cit. 48. A notable person in his day. His biography is given in the _San Kuo Chih_, ch. 10. 49. See XI. § 58, note. 50. _Hou Han Shu_, ch. 17 ad init. 51. _San Kuo Chih_, ch. 54. 52. _Sung Shih_, ch. 365 ad init. 53. The few Europeans who have yet had an opportunity of acquainting themselves with Sun Tzŭ are not behindhand in their praise. In this connection, I may perhaps be excused for quoting from a letter from Lord Roberts, to whom the sheets of the present work were submitted previous to publication: "Many of Sun Wu’s maxims are perfectly applicable to the present day, and no. 11 [in Chapter VIII] is one that the people of this country would do well to take to heart." 54. Ch. 140. 55. See IV. § 3. 56. The allusion may be to Mencius VI. 2. ix. 2. 57. The _Tso Chuan_. 58. _Shih Chi_, ch. 25, fol. I. 59. Cf. _Shih Chi_, ch 47. 60. See _Shu Ching_, preface § 55. 61. See _Shih Chi_, ch. 47. 62. _Lun Yu_, XV. 1. 63. I failed to trace this utterance. 64. Supra.