The Asteroids; Or Minor Planets Between Mars and Jupiter.Kirkwood, Daniel
Science
The Asteroids; Or Minor Planets Between Mars and Jupiter.
Kirkwood, Daniel
Asteroids
The average eccentricity of the two hundred and sixty-eight asteroids
whose orbits have been calculated is 0.1569. As with the orbits of the
old planets, the eccentricities vary within moderate limits, some
increasing, others diminishing. The average, however, will probably
remain very nearly the same. An inspection of the table shows that while
but one orbit is less eccentric than the earth's, sixty-nine depart more
from the circular form than the orbit of Mercury. These eccentricities
seem to indicate that the forms of the asteroidal orbits were influenced
by special causes. It may be worthy of remark that the eccentricity does
not appear to vary with the distance from the sun, being nearly the same
for the interior members of the zone as for the exterior.
7. The Inclinations.
The inclinations in Table II. are thus distributed:
From 0° to 4° 70
" 4° to 8° 83
" 8° to 12° 59
" 12° to 16° 32
" 16° to 20° 8
" 20° to 24° 8
" 24° to 28° 7
" 28° to 32° 0
above 32° 1
One hundred and fifty-four, considerably more than half, have
inclinations between 3° and 11°, and the mean of the whole number is
about 8°,--slightly greater than the inclination of Mercury, or that of
the plane of the sun's equator. The smallest inclination, that of
Massalia, is 0° 41´, and the largest, that of Pallas, is about 35°.
Sixteen minor planets, or six per cent. of the whole number, have
inclinations exceeding 20°. Does any relation obtain between high
inclinations and great eccentricities? These elements in the cases named
above are as follows:
+------------+--------------+--------------+
| Asteroid. | Inclination. | Eccentricity.|
+------------+--------------+--------------+
| Pallas | 34° 42´ | 0.238 |
| Istria | 26 30 | 0.353 |
| Euphrosyne | 26 29 | 0.228 |
| Anna | 25 24 | 0.263 |
| Gallia | 25 21 | 0.185 |
| Æthra | 25 0 | 0.380 |
| Eukrate | 24 57 | 0.236 |
| Eva | 24 25 | 0.347 |
| Niobe | 23 19 | 0.173 |
| Eunice | 23 17 | 0.129 |
| Electra | 22 55 | 0.208 |
| Idunna | 22 31 | 0.164 |
| Phocea | 21 35 | 0.255 |
| Artemis | 21 31 | 0.175 |
| Bertha | 20 59 | 0.085 |
| Henrietta | 20 47 | 0.260 |
+------------+--------------+--------------+
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