The first series with the rings consists of a number of twisting exercises with the arms. Not only are these valuable in producing freedom about the shoulder-joint, which, as has been explained, is a great desideratum, but twisting motions of the limbs contribute more to a rounded, symmetrical development than any other exercises. If the flexors and extensors are exercised in simple, direct lines, the muscular outlines will be too marked. In twisting with the rings, the arms may be drawn into twenty positions, thus producing an almost infinite variety of action in the arm and shoulder. Two of the positions assumed in this series are shown in the cuts. It is our policy in these exercises to pull with a force of from five to fifty pounds, and thus add indefinitely to the effectiveness of the movements. To illustrate a few of the many hundred exercises possible with rings, the subjoined cuts are introduced. In this exercise, the rings are made to touch the floor, as shown, in alternation with the highest point they can be made to reach, all without bending the knees or elbows. The hands are thrust upward, outward, and downward with force. The hands are thrust forward and drawn backward in alternation as far as the performers can reach. It will be understood that in none of these exercises are the performers to maintain the illustrated positions for a single moment. As in dancing, there is constant motion and change, while the music secures concert. When, by marks on the floor, the performers are kept in linear rank and file, the scene is most exhilarating to participants and spectators. The above are specimens of the many _charges_ with the rings. Shoulders, arms, back, and legs receive an incomparable training. In constant alternation with the charges, the pupils rise to the upright position; and when the company move simultaneously to the music, few scenes are so brilliant. _In most exercises there must be some resistance. How much better that this should be another human being, rather than a pole, ladder, or bar! It is social, and constantly changing._ EXERCISES WITH WANDS. A straight, smooth stick, four feet long, (three feet for children,) is known in the gymnasium as a _wand_. It is employed to cultivate flexibility, and is useful to persons of all ages and degrees of strength. Of this series there are sixty-eight exercises in the new system, but I have space only for a few illustrations. EXERCISES WITH BEAN-BAGS.