The Attic theatre : $b a description of the stage and theatre of the Athenians, and of the dramatic performances at AthensHaigh, A. E. (Arthur Elam)
History
The Attic theatre : $b a description of the stage and theatre of the Athenians, and of the dramatic performances at Athens
Haigh, A. E. (Arthur Elam)
Athens (Greece) -- Intellectual life; Greek drama -- History and criticism; Theater -- Greece -- Athens -- History -- To 500
The tragic chorus, being a direct descendant of the old dithyrambic
choruses, originally consisted of fifty members.[859] After all connexion
between tragedy and the dithyramb had been severed, the number of the
choreutae in a tragic chorus was reduced to twelve. It has been suggested
that this number was due to the practice of each poet exhibiting four
tragedies at a time. It is supposed that the original chorus of fifty was
divided as equally as possible among the four tragedies, so that each
chorus came to consist of twelve members. The conjecture is a plausible
one, but cannot be regarded as certain, owing to the scantiness of our
information concerning the early history of tragedy. The size of the
tragic chorus remained unaltered until the time of Sophocles, and in all
the earlier plays of Aeschylus twelve choreutae are employed. Sophocles
raised the number from twelve to fifteen.[860] After his time there was
no further change during the great period of the Attic drama. The tragic
chorus was always composed of fifteen persons. The various technical
terms which refer to the arrangement of the tragic chorus are all based
on the supposition that it is a chorus of fifteen. It is not quite
certain whether the innovation of Sophocles was adopted by Aeschylus in
his later plays. The Oresteia of Aeschylus was brought out ten years
after the first appearance of Sophocles; and it has been contended that
the chorus in this trilogy contained fifteen members. There is hardly
sufficient evidence to determine the matter with any certainty.[861] On
general grounds it seems probable that Aeschylus should have followed
the example of Sophocles. At any rate there is no doubt that after the
middle of the fifth century the number of the choreutae was fixed at
fifteen.[862] The satyric chorus was of the same size as the tragic—a
natural result of the intimate connexion between tragedy and the satyric
drama.[863] The comic chorus, as long as it continued to be an integral
part of the play, invariably consisted of twenty-four members. All the
authorities are unanimous on the subject.[864] These were the numbers
adopted in the various kinds of drama throughout the classical period
of Greek literature. But in later times, after the dramatic choruses had
been reduced to insignificance, and merely provided the music between
the successive acts, their size, at any rate in some theatres, appears
to have been diminished. Thus the comic chorus at the Delphic Soteria
contained only seven members; and the tragic chorus depicted on the
wall-painting at Cyrene is also a chorus of seven.[865] Whether these
cases were exceptional, or whether seven had now come to be the usual
number of a theatrical chorus, there is no evidence to show.
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