Cartwright, Lieut. John, 94, 95 cedar, northern white, roots, 16; splitting qualities, 17, 18 Celts, 176 Champlain, Samuel de, 7, 10, 213 Champlain, Lake, 7 Chatham dockyard, 12 chestnut bark, 15, 213 chine, 164, 166, 184, 187, 188, 195, 202, 204, 205, 206 Chippewa (Chippeway; Indian tribe), 122 Chipewyan (Indian tribe), 154, 155 canoe, 155-158; ends, 156, 157; spreading gunwales, 158; dimensions, 158; kayak-form, 166, 167 chisel, 23 Christopherson, L. A. (Hudson's Bay Company Factor), 145, 146; on fur-trade canoe construction, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151 Chukchi umiak, 182, 183, 188; kayak, 195 cockpit, kayak, 175, 176, 192, 195 ff., 197, 199, 200, 204, 205, 208, 211 Coffin, Samuel, 95 Collins, Henry B. (Bureau of American Ethnology), 174 _Colliers_ (magazine), 4 construction methods, Malecite, 36-57, 72-74; Micmac, 58, 59-64; St. Francis, 90-93; Beothuk, 96-98; Eastern Cree, 104-106; Têtes de Boule, 108-112; Algonkin, 115-122; Ojibway, 125, 127 ff.; Western Cree, 132, 133; fur-trade, 146-151; narrow-bottom, 155 ff.; kayak-form, 160 ff.; sturgeon-nose, 168-172; umiak, 176 ff., 182, 184-187; kayak, 192-194; temporary canoes, 212-218; temporary skin boats, 218-220 Copper Eskimo kayak, 204 Coppermine River, 155 coracle, 176 Coronation Gulf, 193, 204 Coronation Gulf kayak, 204 cottonwood bark, 15 Cowassek (Coosuc; Indian tribe), 88 Crantz, David (missionary), 190, 223 Cree Indians, central, 34; eastern, 99, 101-106; western, 132-134, 155 crew, fur-trade canoe, 145 crimping bark (in canoe building), 29, 30, 212, 214, 216, 217 crooked canoe, 99, 100, 106 crooked knife (tool), 21, 23 curragh, 176, 178; waterproofing skins for, 176; compared with umiak and kayak, 178 Coosuc (Indian tribe), 88 dart (for hunting), 194 deck, kayak-form canoe, 159, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167; kayak, 176, 195 ff., 199, 202, 204, 211 decorations, 53; Micmac, 67, 68; Malecite, 82 ff.; St. Francis, 90, 91; Têtes de Boule, 112; Algonkin, 122; fur-trade, 146, 150, 151; kayak-form, 163; kayak, 197, 199 Dènè (Indian tribe), 162 Denys, Nicolas, 57, 68, 69 Dibble, Lt. Col. Herbert, 75 dimensions, canoe (see under tribal type); old canoes, 7 ff. Dogrib Indians, 154, 155; canoe, 155-158 drill (tool), 19 dugout, 10, 213 eastern canoe construction, 54 Eastern Cree Indians, 99, 100, 101-106 canoe, 101-106; dimensions, 106 Eastport (Maine), 75 Egede, Hans (missionary), 190 elm bark, 8, 15, 212, 213, 214, 215 _Encyclopedia Arctica_, 6 ends (canoe), 31, 32, 55, 56, 70, 72, 76, 77, 155 ff., 168, 217 engine, outboard gasoline, 175, 187 Eskimo, 154, 159, 175, 176, 182, 190, 191, 195 Eskimo roll, 194, 223-227 Eskimo skin boat (see kayak, umiak)