32 Malecite canoe building, 1910. (Canadian Geological Survey photos.) 39 33 First stage of canoe construction: assembled gunwale frame is used to locate stakes temporarily on building bed. (_Sketch by Adney._) 40 34 Second stage of canoe construction: bark cover is laid out on the building bed, and the gunwales are in place upon it. (_Sketch by Adney._) 41 35 Photo: Malecite canoe builders near Fredericton, N.B., using wooden plank building bed. 42 36 Sketch: Two common styles of root stitching used in bark canoes. 43 37 Comparison of canoe on the building bed and canoe when first removed from building bed during fifth stage of construction. (_Detail sketches by Adney._) 44 38 Third stage of canoe construction: the bark cover is shaped on the building bed. (_Sketch by Adney._) 45 39 Cross section of canoe on building bed during third and fourth stages of construction. (_Sketch by Adney._) 46 40 Sketch: Multiple cross section through one side of a canoe on the building bed, at the headboard, middle, first, and second thwarts. 46 41 Fourth stage of canoe construction: bark cover has been shaped and all stakes placed. (_Sketch by Adney._) 47 42 Fifth stage of canoe construction: canoe is removed from building bed and set on horses to shape ends and complete sewing. (_Sketch by Adney._) 49 43 Ribs being dried and shaped for Ojibway canoe. (_Canadian Geological Survey photo._) 50 44 Sketch: Details of ribs and method of shaping them in pairs. 51 45 Sixth stage of canoe construction: in this stage splints for sheathing (upper left) are fixed in place and held by temporary ribs (lower right) under the gunwales. (_Sketch by Adney._) 53 46 General details of birch-bark canoe construction, in a drawing by Adney. (From _Harper's Young People_, supplement, July 29, 1890.) 54 47 Gunwale construction and thwart or crossbar fastenings, as shown in a sketch by Adney. (_Harper's Young People_, supplement, July 29, 1890.) 56 48 "Peter Joe at Work." Drawing by Adney for his article "How an Indian Birch-Bark Canoe is Made." (_Harper's Young People_, supplement, July 29, 1890.) 57