Birds in literature; Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616 -- Knowledge -- Ornithology
Nay, if thou be that princely eagle’s bird,
Show thy descent by gazing ’gainst the sun.[47]
With delightful hyperbole, Biron, in _Love’s Labour’s Lost_, discovers
a power of vision beyond that of an eagle, when he is persuading
himself and his friends to abjure their foolish vow “to fast, to study,
and to see no woman.” Enlarging on the potency of “love first learned
in a lady’s eyes” he declares that it
Gives to every power a double power,
Above their functions and their offices.
It adds a precious seeing to the eye:
A lover’s eyes will gaze an eagle blind;
A lover’s ear will hear the lowest sound,
When the suspicious head of theft is stopp’d.[48]
Again, in the same Play, the comparison becomes even more grotesquely
exaggerated, for the same lover in praising his lady-love demands to
know
What peremptory eagle-sighted eye
Dares look upon the heaven of her brow,
That is not blinded by her majesty?[49]
[Illustration: THE EAGLE]
The eagle was credited not only with a wonderful strength of vision,
but also with a remarkable length of life. This belief is alluded to by
the churlish philosopher who demands of Timon
Will these moss’d trees,
That have outlived the eagle, page thy heels,
And skip where thou point’st out?[50]
Shakespeare, when he likens the orders of human society to the various
grades among the birds, compares the leaders to eagles, and the
commonalty to birds of a less reputable kind. The haughty Coriolanus
stigmatises the Roman plebs as a rabble that
Will in time
Break ope the locks o’ the Senate, and bring in
The crows to peck the eagles.[51]
Pandarus, not less contemptuous of the populace of Troy, affirms that
“the eagles are gone,” and that there are left only “crows and daws,
crows and daws.”[52] The same kind of similitude is applied to the
political condition of England. The future Richard III. asserts:
I cannot tell: the world is grown so bad
That wrens make prey where eagles dare not perch.[53]
And Hastings in the same Play remarks
More pity that the eagle should be mew’d
While kites and buzzards prey at liberty.[54]
Among Shakespeare’s political allusions in which the eagle appears
there is one of some interest as a reminiscence of a far-off unhappy
time in our history when the southern half of the island could be
likened to the king of birds, while the northern portion was compared
to a destructive kind of vermin.
Once the eagle, England, being in prey,
To her unguarded nest the weasel Scot
Comes sneaking, and so sucks her princely eggs,
Playing the mouse, in absence of the cat,
To tear and havoc more than she can eat.[55]
The contemplation of the various misfortunes that may befall even the
king of birds leads to the reflection:
Often, to our comfort, shall we find
The sharded beetle in a safer hold
Than is the full-wing’d eagle.[56]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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