I take this opportunity, however, of expressing my sincere thanks to Mr. Robert Hunter; to Mr. Owen R. Lovejoy, of the National Child Labor Committee; to Dr. George W. Goler, of Rochester, N.Y.; to Dr. S. E. Getty, of St. John’s Riverside Hospital, Yonkers, N.Y.; to Dr. Louis Lichtschein, of New York City; to Dr. George W. Galvin, of Boston, Mass.; and to Professor G. Stanley Hall, of Clark University, for many valuable suggestions and criticisms. To Mr. Fernando Linderberg, of Copenhagen; to his Excellency, Baron Mayor des Planches, the Italian Ambassador at Washington; and to Professor Emile Vinck, of Brussels, I am indebted for assistance in securing valuable reports which would otherwise have been inaccessible. I am also indebted to my colleague, Miss C. E. A. Carman, of Prospect House; and especially to Mr. W. J. Ghent for his expert assistance in preparing the book for the press. Finally, I am indebted to my wife, whose practical knowledge of factory conditions, especially as they relate to women and children, has been of immense service to me. J. S. PROSPECT HOUSE, YONKERS, N.Y. December, 1905. ----- Footnote A: For the necessary qualifications of this broad generalization see the illustrative material in Appendix C, I. CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION vii PREFACE xiii I. THE BLIGHTING OF THE BABIES 1 II. THE SCHOOL CHILD 57 III. THE WORKING CHILD 125 IV. REMEDIAL MEASURES 218 V. BLOSSOMS AND BABIES 263 APPENDICES: A. How Foreign Municipalities Feed their School Children 271 B. Report on the Vercelli System of School Meals 288 C. Miscellaneous 291 NOTES AND AUTHORITIES 307 INDEX 325 ILLUSTRATIONS 1. A Typical Scene _Frontispiece_ FACING PAGE 2. Three “Little Mothers” and their Charges 1 3. Group of “Lung Block” Children 5 4. Rachitic Types 12 5. Babies whose Mothers Work 16 6. Police Station used as a “Clean Milk” Depot 35