The Blocking of ZeebruggeCarpenter, Alfred Francis Blakeney
History
The Blocking of Zeebrugge
Carpenter, Alfred Francis Blakeney
World War, 1914-1918 -- Naval operations, British; Zeebrugge-Ostend Raids, 1918
Then again the number of ships required would depend on the relation
between their horizontal dimensions and the breadth of the channel to
be blocked. For instance, a single vessel whose beam dimensions were
approximately equal to the breadth of the lock gateway would be
sufficient to block the latter, provided that the height of her hull
also agreed with the conditions just mentioned above.
Now, it had to be borne in mind that if a vessel was sunk in the lock
gateway the "cutting-away" method would be greatly facilitated by the
erection of cranes and machinery, within a few feet of the vessel, on
dry land. This position, being so far removed from the tidal current
which runs parallel with the Belgian coast, was unaffected by silt.
Thus, although the lock gateway, by reason of its small breadth, could
be completely blocked by any suitable vessel sunk therein, the work of
salvage would be very much less difficult here than elsewhere.
{50}
Further out, between the wooden piers at the canal entrance, the
navigable channel was approximately one hundred and twenty feet in
breadth; i.e., slightly over one-third of the whole distance between
the piers. A vessel of one hundred and twenty feet in length,
therefore, would require to be turned dead across the navigable channel
before sinking if she was to block {51} every inch of it. Obviously, a
vessel of three hundred feet in length would not require to turn
herself to anything like the same extent. The maximum depth in this
position was believed to be about thirty-six feet at high tide level.
Thus, we arrive at the conclusion that a blockship sunk between the
wooden piers would need to have a hull whose height was not less than
thirty feet, and to have a length of at least one hundred and twenty
feet.
[Illustration: Plan of CANAL ENTRANCE CHANNEL]
[Illustration: SECTIONAL SKETCH of SUNKEN BLOCKSHIPS]
In this position the silt was known to be very active. That fact,
taken in conjunction with the exposure to rough seas, the presence of
the tidal current, and the impracticability of erecting salvage plant
on the land within easy reach of the vessel, rendered it obvious that,
all things considered, the position between the wooden piers would be
the ideal blocking position if suitable vessels were available for the
purpose, and if such vessels were damaged and sunk with due regard to
anti-salvage considerations.
{52}
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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