The well-known naturalist Edward Blyth, for many years Curator of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, and a good authority on the larger Mammals, was the first writer to call attention to the existence of this Antelope. In a communication made to the Zoological Society in 1869, Blyth states that he had examined a “perfect skin” of what he at once recognized as a “distinct though closely allied species,” differing from _B. buselaphus_ “in being fully as large as a Hartebeest, and in having black markings in front of all four feet above the hoofs.” Blyth’s opinion was that some mounted specimens which he saw in the Museums of Leyden and Amsterdam referred to _B. buselaphus_ belonged strictly to this new form. He also exhibited on the same occasion a pair of frontlets belonging to Ward, of Vere Street, as referable to what he proposed to designate _Boselaphus major_. These frontlets, which were subsequently figured in the Society’s ‘Proceedings,’ are now in the British Museum. [Illustration: Fig. 1 _a_. Fig. 1 _b_. Horns of _Bubalis major_. (Gambia, _Carter_, 1891.)] Whether the “variety 1” of the Bubal, established by Gray in 1850 upon a skin without horns or hoofs, said to have been brought by Fraser from Tunis, really belonged to this species, must ever remain doubtful. This skin is no longer to be found, and if it were really referable to _B. major_ it was probably brought by Fraser from West Africa and not from Tunis, where the typical _B. buselaphus_ is found. Gray’s inaccuracy as regards localities is notorious, and Fraser visited both parts of Africa. Under these circumstances we may altogether neglect the name “_tunisianus_” bestowed on this “variety” in 1852, as being highly doubtful as well as inapplicable. [Illustration: Fig. 1 _c_. Fig. 1 _d_. Horns and skull of _Bubalis major_. _c._ Front view; _d._ Side view. (Brooke.)] It is probable that the horns from the Cameroons, referred by Herr Matschie to “_B. lelwel_, Heuglin,” and those from Togoland, referred by the same author to _B. major_, also belong to this species, which would appear to inhabit suitable districts in Western Africa from Senegal to the Cameroons. A pair of horns of this Antelope was amongst the specimens obtained by Dr. Percy Kendall from the Gambia in 1890. Another very fine pair was brought by Sir Gilbert Carter from the Gambia in 1891, from which the accompanying drawings (figs. 1 _a_ and 1 _b_, p. 12) have been taken. These horns are in Sclater’s possession. The two other figures (figs. 1 _c_ and 1 _d_, p. 13) were prepared by Sir Victor Brooke, probably from horns in his collection.