Agriculture -- England; Conduct of life; Home economics, Rural
3. We must note the language in which he describes himself. He
does not say that he had “exercised husbandry” for forty years,
but that he had “been a householder” during that period. The two
things are widely different. His knowledge of agriculture was, so
to speak, accidental; his real employment had been to manage a
household, or, as we should rather now say, to “keep house.” This,
again, naturally assigns to him the status of a country gentleman,
who chose to superintend everything for himself, and to gain a
practical acquaintance with everything upon his estate, viz. his
lands, his cattle, his horses, his bees, his trees, his felled
timber, and the rest; not forgetting his duties as a man of rank
in setting a good example, discouraging waste, giving attention
to prayer and almsgiving, and to his necessary studies. “He that
can rede and vnderstande _latyne_, let hym take his booke in his
hande, and looke stedfastely vppon the same thynge that he readeth
and seeth, _that is no trouble to hym_,” etc. (p. 115). Are we to
suppose that it could be said generally, of farmers in the time of
Henry VIII., that Latin was “no trouble to them”? If so, things
must have greatly changed.
I have spoken of the above matter at some length, because I much
suspect that the words used by Berthelet are the very words which
have biassed, entirely in the wrong direction, the minds of such
critics as have found a difficulty where little exists. It ought to
be particularly borne in mind that Berthelet’s expression, though
likely to mislead _now_, was not calculated to do so at the time,
when the authorship of the book was doubtless well known. And we
shall see presently that Berthelet himself entirely believed Sir
Anthony to have been the author of this Book on Husbandry.
Another objection that has been raised is founded upon the apparent
strangeness of the title “Mayster Fitz-herbarde” as applied to
a judge. The answer is most direct and explicit, viz. that the
printer who uses this title did so wittingly, for he is _the very
man_ who helps us to identify our author with the great lawyer.
It is therefore simply impossible that he could have seen any
incongruity in it, and any objection founded upon it must be
wholly futile. The title of _master_ was used in those days very
differently to what it is now. Foxe, in his Actes and Monuments,
ed. 1583, p. 1770, tells us how “maister Latymer” encouraged
“maister Ridley,” when both were at the stake; and, chancing to
open Holinshed’s History (ed. 1808, iii. 754), I find a discourse
between Wolsey and Sir William Kingston, Constable of the Tower, in
which the latter is called “master Kingston” throughout.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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