Transcriber's note: Text with Old English font is surrounded with + signs. Small capital text has been replaced with all capitals. The carat character (^) indicates that the following letter is superscripted (example: 12^o). If two or more letters are superscripted they are enclosed in curly brackets (example: 10^{te}). [Illustration] THE BOOK OF VAGABONDS AND BEGGARS. [Illustration] THE +Book of Vagabonds and Beggars+: WITH A VOCABULARY OF THEIR LANGUAGE. EDITED BY MARTIN LUTHER IN THE YEAR 1528. NOW FIRST TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH, WITH INTRODUCTION AND NOTES, BY JOHN CAMDEN HOTTEN. LONDON: JOHN CAMDEN HOTTEN, PICCADILLY. 1860. [Illustration] PREFACE. As a picture of the manners and customs of the Vagabond population of Central Europe before the Reformation, I think this little book, the earliest of its kind, will be found interesting. The fact of Luther writing a Preface and editing it gives it at once some degree of importance, and excites the curiosity of the student. In this country the _Liber Vagatorum_ is almost unknown, and in Germany only a few scholars and antiquaries are acquainted with the book. In translating it I have endeavoured as much as possible to preserve the spirit and peculiarities of the original. Some may object to the style as being too antique; but this garb I thought preserved a small portion of the original quaintness, and was best suited to the period when it was written. For several explanations of old German words, and other hints, I am indebted to a long notice of the _Liber Vagatorum_, which occurs in the “Wiemarisches Jahrbuch,” 10^{te}, Band, 1856,—the only article of any moment that I know to have been written on the little book. With respect to the facsimile woodcut, as it was too large to occupy a place on the title, as in the original (of 4to. size), it is here given as a frontispiece. Perhaps some apology is required for the occasional use of plain-spoken, not to say coarse words. I can only urge, in justification of their adoption, that the nature of the subject would not admit of their being softened,—unless indeed at the expense of the narrative. As it is, I have sent forth this edition in very much more refined language than the great Reformer thought necessary when issuing the old German version. J. C. H. _Piccadilly_, June 1, 1860. [Illustration] CONTENTS. Page PREFACE v INTRODUCTION ix Mendicant Friars.—Schreiber’s description of the Golden Age for Mendicants.—Knebel’s Chronicles of the Trials at Basle, in 1475.—Sebastian Brant. LIBER VAGATORUM.—Various editions.—Gengenbach’s metrical version; Gödecke’s claim for the priority of this refuted xv