The Pellitory of Spain is more celebrated as an useful than an ornamental plant, the root which is of a very hot and biting nature being a common application for the cure of the tooth-ach; but, divested of its utility as a medicinal plant, it merits a place in collections on account of the beauty both of its foliage and flowers, the latter are more handsome when in bud than when fully expanded, the underside of the florets being of a fine purple colour, the upper pure white; it is moreover a very rare plant in this country, notwithstanding it was cultivated here so long since as 1570: Parkinson evidently grew it, as he observes that the roots of the cultivated plant, were much larger than those of the wild one; he tells us also, that it was too tender to endure our winters: to the latter cause, as well as to the difficulty of propagating it, for it does not ripen its seeds in this country, we may attribute its present scarcity: Mr. Miller raised this plant in 1732, in a very curious way, from seeds picked out from among raisins. In its place of growth it is not confined to Spain, but is found in the Levant, Syria, Arabia, and elsewhere; flowers with us from May to July, and may be increased by cuttings of the roots, a mode of propagating by which we sometimes happily succeed with rare and valuable plants when all others fail. It is a plant not very nice as to the quality of the soil in which it grows, but must have a warm dry situation, will succeed very well in a pot, or it may be planted in the open border; but especial care must be taken to secure it against frost in the winter. [463] [Illustration: Nº. 463] Epidendrum Ciliare. Fringed Epidendrum. _Class and Order._ Gynandria Diandria. _Generic Character._ _Cor._ 6-petala. _Nectarium_ turbinatum, obliquum reflexum. _Caps._ infera 1-locularis, 3-valvis, fenestrata. _Specific Character and Synonyms._ EPIDENDRUM _ciliare_ foliis oblongis aveniis, nectarii labio tripartito ciliato: intermedia lineari, cauli bifolio. _Linn. Syst. Vegetab. ed. 14._ _Murr. p. 818._ _Jacq. Amer. pict. p. 110. t. 209._ Of this parasitical tribe the number of species described in the third edition of the _Sp. Pl. Linn. 1764_, amounts to thirty; in Gmelin's thirteenth edition of the _Syst. Nat. Linn. 1791_, no less than seventy-five are enumerated, which is a vast accession in so short a period; most of these are natives of hot climates, and on that account require a stove heat in this country; from their nature also they require a situation not to be exactly imitated, they are therefore to be regarded as plants very difficult of culture, and we are not to be surprised that three species only are enumerated in the _Hort. Kew._--but, since the publication of that work, many others have been added to the royal collection, and this among the rest.