The Bounty of the Chesapeake: Fishing in Colonial VirginiaWharton, James
History
The Bounty of the Chesapeake: Fishing in Colonial Virginia
Wharton, James
Chesapeake Bay (Md. and Va.); Fisheries -- Virginia; Fishing -- Virginia
A river [the Potomac] well-stocked with various kinds of fish at
all seasons of the year, and in the spring with shad, herrings,
bass, carp, perch, sturgeon, etc., in great abundance. The borders
of the estate are washed by more than ten miles of tidewater, the
whole shore, in fact, is one entire fishery.
Washington generously ordered his overseer to admit "the honest poor"
to fishing privileges at one of his shores, a concession that may have
been customary among many landowners.
He was a man who believed in keeping records, and so complete a file of
them has now been reassembled at Mt. Vernon that it is possible to
follow his career in any phase: officer, business speculator, host,
farmer, legislative adviser, and friend. He gave to fishing the
painstaking personal attention he gave to all else. As a "fisherman" he
directed the manufacture as well as the repair of his nets, and the
curing, shipping and marketing of his fish.
It seems obvious that suitable nets were not being manufactured in the
desired quantity or variety in America, otherwise he would hardly have
bought his in England.
He dealt with Robert Cary and Co., London, in 1771. Here is a typical
order:
One seine, seventy-five fathoms long when rigged for hauling; to be
ten feet deep in the middle and eight at the ends with meshes fit
for the herring fishery. The corks to be two and a half feet
asunder; the leads five feet apart; to be made of the best
three-strand (small) twine and tanned.
400 fathom of white inch rope for hauling the above seine. 150
fathom of deep sea line.
To get ready for spring fishing he had to prepare as far ahead as July.
Even then he was not always sure delivery would be on time:
... The goods you will please to forward by the first vessel for
Potomac (which possibly may be Captain Jordan the bearer of this)
as there are some articles that will be a good deal wanted,
especially the seine, which will be altogether useless to me if I
do not get them early in the spring, or in other words I shall
sustain a considerable disappointment and loss, if they do not get
to hand in time.
He wrote to Bradshaw and Davidson in London in 1772:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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