The Cabinetmaker in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg: Giving Attention to the City's Chief Craftsmen in the Furniture Way; And to Their Tools & Methods of Working — John Shaqi
The Cabinetmaker in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg: Giving Attention to the City's Chief Craftsmen in the Furniture Way; And to Their Tools & Methods of WorkingHeuvel, Johannes
History
The Cabinetmaker in Eighteenth-Century Williamsburg: Giving Attention to the City's Chief Craftsmen in the Furniture Way; And to Their Tools & Methods of Working
Heuvel, Johannes
Furniture making; Furniture workers -- Virginia -- Williamsburg; Furniture, Colonial -- Virginia -- Williamsburg
To continue for a moment with the same example, the Speaker’s Chair has
the kind of scrolled arms frequently found on William and Mary
furniture—a style that in 1700 was passing out of fashion in England.
Its simple cabriole legs, with smooth knees and round feet, are typical
of the early Queen Anne style just then coming into English fashion. The
chair bears an overall resemblance, furthermore, to the one that stood
in the House of Commons, as shown in contemporary prints. Finally, a
great many items for the construction and furnishing of the Williamsburg
Capitol were ordered from London.
All these circumstances give strong reason to think that the chair came
from England. But they do not prove that it did. In fact, the stylistic
concepts and the workmanship are such as might well have come from the
shop of a Williamsburg cabinetmaker endeavoring, after the fire of 1747,
to reproduce the original chair from memory.
The fact that it is constructed in part of American black walnut might
seem to prove that the chair was made, if not in Williamsburg, at least
in the American colonies. Unfortunately, it proves nothing of the kind.
Because, among other reasons, they had found the American variety less
susceptible to “the worm” than English walnut, English cabinetmakers
preferred the American wood and used it extensively.
_GOODLY TALL TREES_
“Wheresoever we landed upon this [the James] River, wee saw the
goodliest Woods as Beech, Oke, Cedar, Cypresse, Wal-nuts, Sassafras, ...
and other Trees unknowne,” wrote George Percy, one of the original
Jamestown colonists in 1607. Captain John Smith, who explored and mapped
both Virginia and New England, recorded that “all the Countrey is
overgrowne with trees.”
Indian clearings, even those made in the course of fire-hunting, were
infinitesimal in the vast extent of the woods. The white man’s efforts
made a bigger dent, but after a century of English settlement the
Reverend Hugh Jones could still report that Virginia was “one continuous
forest.” And the same was true of the whole Atlantic coastal area—to say
nothing of the wilderness beyond the mountains.
The size of the individual trees in this primeval forest rarely failed
to excite comment, beginning with George Percy’s mention of the “goodly
tall Trees” he saw near Cape Henry, the Jamestown settlers’ first
landing site. With an unlimited supply of very wide boards to be had for
the sawing, seventeenth- and eighteenth-century colonial cabinetmakers
found good use for them in table tops and leaves, and the sides and tops
of chests. Boards were often 18 to 20 inches wide, and sometimes they
measured as much as two feet in width. In colonial days even wild cherry
sometimes stood 100 feet tall and four feet thick.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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