Of so great a man it must be interesting to know all the well attested
opinions which bear upon topics of universal interest to human nature;
as indeed no others stood much chance of preservation, unless it were
from as minute and curious a collector of _anecdotage_ as Suetonius.
And, first, it would be gratifying to know the opinion of Cæsar, if he
had any peculiar to himself, on the great theme of Religion. It has been
held, indeed, that the constitution of his mind, and the general cast
of his character, indisposed him to religious thoughts. Nay, it has been
common to class him amongst deliberate atheists; and some well known
anecdotes are current in books, which illustrate his contempt for the
vulgar class of auguries. In this, however, he went no farther than
Cicero, and other great contemporaries, who assuredly were no atheists.
One mark perhaps of the wide interval which, in Cæsar's age, had begun
to separate the Roman nobility from the hungry and venal populace who
were daily put up to sale, and bought by the highest bidder, manifested
itself in the increasing disdain for the tastes and ruling sympathies of
the lowest vulgar. No mob could be more abjectly servile than was that
of Rome to the superstition of portents, prodigies, and omens. Thus far,
in common with his order, and in this sense, Julius Cæsar was naturally
a despiser of superstition. Mere strength of understanding would,
perhaps, have made him so in any age, and apart from the circumstances
of his personal history. This natural tendency in him would doubtless
receive a further bias in the same direction from the office of Pontifex
Maximus, which he held at an early stage of his public career. This
office, by letting him too much behind the curtain, and exposing too
entirely the base machinery of ropes and pulleys, which sustained the
miserable jugglery played off upon the popular credulity, impressed him
perhaps even unduly with contempt for those who could be its dupes. And
we may add--that Cæsar was constitutionally, as well as by accident of
position, too much a man of the world, had too powerful a leaning to the
virtues of active life, was governed by too partial a sympathy with the
whole class of _active_ forces in human nature, as contradistinguished
from those which tend to contemplative purposes, under any
circumstances, to have become a profound believer, or a steadfast
reposer of his fears and anxieties, in religious influences. A man of
the world is but another designation for a man indisposed to religious
awe or contemplative enthusiasm. Still it is a doctrine which we
cherish--that grandeur of mind in any one department whatsoever,
supposing only that it exists in excess, disposes a man to some degree
of sympathy with all other grandeur, however alien in its quality
or different in its form. And upon this ground we presume the great
Dictator to have had an interest in religious themes by mere compulsion
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