The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 05 (of 10)Sedgwick, Adam
Science
The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 05 (of 10)
Sedgwick, Adam
Animals
With regard to their habits the different species differ very considerably.
On the one hand we have the Chilopoda, or Centipedes, as they are called in
this country, active, swift, and ferocious; living for the most part in
dark and obscure places, beneath stones, logs of wood, and dried leaves,
etc., and feeding on living animals. On the other hand, we have the
Chilognatha, or Millepedes, distinguished by their slow movements and
vegetable diet; inoffensive to man, except by the destruction they occasion
to his crops, and having as a means of defence no formidable weapon like
the large poison claws of the Centipedes, but only a peculiarly offensive
liquid secreted by special glands {31}known by the unpleasant though
expressive name of "stink glands," or by the more euphonious Latin name of
_glandulae odoriferae_.
As a general rule the larger species of Myriapods are found in the hotter
climates, some of the tropical species being very large, and some, among
the family of the Scolopendridae, extremely poisonous; and it is even said
that their bite is fatal to man.
[Illustration: FIG. 15.—_Scolopendra obscura._ (From C. L. Koch, _Die
Myriapoden_.)]
If, however, the Centipede is sometimes fatal to man, it does not always
have it its own way, for we read of man making food of Centipedes. It is
hard to believe that any human being could under any circumstances eat
Centipedes, which have been described by one naturalist as "a disgusting
tribe loving the darkness." Nevertheless, Humboldt informs us that he has
seen the Indian children drag out of the earth Centipedes eighteen inches
long and more than half an inch wide and devour them.
[Illustration: FIG. 16.—_Chordeuma sylvestre._ (From C. L. Koch, _Die
Myriapoden_.)]
This, I believe, is the only account of human beings using the Myriapoda as
food, if we except the accounts of the religious fanatics among the African
Arabs, who are said to devour Centipedes alive; though this is not a case
of eating for pleasure, for the Scolopendras are devoured in company with
leaves of the prickly pear, broken glass, etc., as a test of the unpleasant
things which may be eaten under the influence of religious excitement.
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