and prelates and a flash of lightning striking in front of the group at a hydra with five heads (the five propositions); on the other side of the plate is seated on a throne Louis XIV, to whom Justice tenders the sword. Below is a representation of Jansen with the wings of a bat, flying into the arms of Calvin and other heresiarchs who stand surrounded by monstrosities representing error, ignorance, and dissipation. This group has, like the hydra, been struck by the flash of lightning emanating from the pope. The calendar was placed upon the Index, which did not prevent it from securing a wide circulation. Reusch speaks of a distribution during the first year of fourteen thousand copies. _Writings of the Jansenists. 1571–1711._ In 1571, Pius V condemned in a separate prohibition a French version of the _Officium pavum B. M. V._ that had been prepared by one of the theologians of Port-Royal. In 1661, Alexander VII issued a brief condemning in very sharp terms a French version of the Book of the Mass, prohibiting also in general terms all editions in the vernacular of the Book of the Mass. In 1695, was prohibited a volume by Le Tourneaux, _L’Année Chrétienne_, because its text included a French version of the prayers of the Mass. A later prohibition of translations of the prayers of the Mass which had been accepted by the Jansenists, although evoking protests from the French bishops, was recalled. Benedict XIV recalled also the prohibition of Alexander VII which had been issued in 1661, with the general wording _Missale Romanum e Latino idiomate ad Gallicam vulgarem linguam conversum et typis evulgatum_. In 1668, a brief of Clement IX prohibits a translation of the New Testament which had been prepared by one of the divines of Port-Royal and which was known as the New Testament of Mons. This prohibition was, however, expressly limited to the edition in question, probably on the ground of certain of the notes contained in it. Clement does not undertake any general prohibition of editions in the vernacular of the Bible. In 1674, was prohibited a treatise issued under the title of _Monita Salutaria D. M. V._ This contains an argument against certain abuses that had arisen in the worship of Mary. It was sharply assailed by the Jesuits and was defended by most of the opponents of Jesuitism. There also found their way into the Index a series of later publications written to maintain the views of the _Monita_, including a treatise by Bailliet. A volume by Bailliet, presenting a study of the Saints, was prohibited on the express ground that it was hypocritical in character. Bailliet had undertaken in his biographies of the Saints to distinguish between the miracles and stories which were to be accepted, and others of which in his judgment the records were untrustworthy. Benedict XIV presents the conclusion that Bailliet had gone too far with his criticisms. He says[228]: _Homo vel certissimarum rerum veritatum, ut intemporenti ingenio est, sollicitans_.