The censorship of the Church of Rome and its influence upon the production and distribution of literature, volume 1 (of 2)Putnam, George Haven
History
The censorship of the Church of Rome and its influence upon the production and distribution of literature, volume 1 (of 2)
Putnam, George Haven
Freedom of the press; Liberty of conscience; Prohibited books
In March, 1714, the Sorbonne, after some stirring discussions,
accepted the Bull by a bare majority. In 1714, at the special instance
of the pope, the Congregation condemned the _Lettre Pastorale et
Mandement_ of Cardinal Noailles, Archbishop of Paris, as heretical
and tending to schism. Louis XIV had previously, in indignation at the
“Jansenist views” of the Cardinal, indicated by his opposition to the
Bull, forbidden him approach to the court.
In 1714, the King suggested to the pope the desirability of calling
a national council of the French Church, for the general object of
bringing to a close the remnants of the Jansenist dissensions, and
with the special purpose of bringing discipline to bear on Cardinal
Noailles. The pope gave favourable consideration to the plan, but the
death of the King, in September, 1715, prevented its being carried
out. The Duke of Orleans, who became Regent, was less sharply opposed
to the Jansenist group. He prohibited, in 1716, the printing of
certain censures that had been ordered by the Assembly of the Clergy
for treatises by du Fouillon on the Bull _Unigenitus_, and on
the Evidence of the True Faith. The Sorbonne, in modification of
its previous conclusions, made in December, 1715, a renewed protest
against the Bull, which protest was supported by the other theological
faculties of the kingdom. Thirty bishops declared to the Regent that
they had given their acceptance of the Bull only on condition that it
should be published with explanations and specifications.
Clement XI demanded the immediate submission, under penalty of
deposition, of Noailles and the protesting bishops. He declared that
the bishops named by the Regent would be confirmed only after they had
given in their assent to the publication and execution of the Bull;
and he suspended, in November, 1716, by a brief, the privileges that
had been conveyed by the Holy See to the Sorbonne. These briefs were,
however, refused confirmation and publication by the Regent and the
Parliament. During 1717, the Inquisition condemned, at the instance
of the pope, a series of statements and letters from the French
ecclesiastics, and of acts of the Parliament, and also certain decrees
of the Sorbonne. In October, 1717, the Regent commanded that there
should thereafter be absolute silence concerning these ecclesiastical
issues, and the Parliament condemned and prohibited certain writings,
including an appeal from Noailles and the decree of the Inquisition.
Under Innocent XIII, who, in 1721, succeeded Clement XI, the contest
and the controversies continued, and the lists of the Index were
swelled with the titles of the controversial monographs, letters, etc.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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