Pressensé, _Le Concile du Vatican_, printed in 1872, prohibited in 1876. In 1870, the general Congregation published a protest, signed by a number of members of the council, calling for the specific condemnation of a series of newspapers, articles, and pamphlets in which the work of the council had been criticised. The secretary of the Congregation of the Index reported, however, that it did not seem wise to take action. During the years 1871 and 1872, were, however, condemned by the Inquisition a number of periodical articles on the work of the council by such authors as Lord Acton, Berchtold, Friedrich, Ruckgaber, Schulte, Zirngiebl, and others. =48. Example of a License.=--A license given by the inquisitor-general of Spain to Dr. Andrew Sall in June, 1652, states that he was permitted to keep and to read prohibited books for use in connection with the writing of any doctrinal or devotional books or treatises. The holder of the license was charged with the duty of giving information to his Grace of any censurable propositions that he might find in books, ancient or modern, which might not already have been comprehended in the expurgatory Index. The license was marked as duly entered in the record of licenses, the page (Number 138) giving indication of a considerable series of licenses outstanding. These instruments were renewed from year to year. Dr. Sall relates that with the second grant came a complaint that he had reported no censurable propositions. He had excused himself by saying that he had not had in his hands any Protestant books; but he gave specification of some perverse and apparently heretical doctrines he had found in certain books which were approved and were much in use with themselves. He gave as an example citations from the Commentaries on Esther by de Murcia: _Etiam Deus Op. Max. proposita ante oculos morte in meliora contendat_; and _Etiam demon morte ante oculos constituta contendit in meliora_.[56] Sleumer gives the following example of the form in force to-day (1906) for an application for the permission to read forbidden books. “To the very reverend Vicar-General of the diocese: The undersigned respectfully request permission for the reading of certain books which have been specifically forbidden in the Index or which in their class come under the general provisions of the Index. The requirement is based upon the following grounds:... “The undersigned feels assured that the proposed use of this forbidden literature may be made by him on these grounds without any undermining of his faith or any interference with his conscientious duty to the Holy Church.”[57] CHAPTER VIII THE CENSORSHIP OF THE STATE AND CENSORSHIP BY PROTESTANTS 1. General. 2. Catholic States: Catholic Germany, France, Spain and Portugal. 3. Protestant States: Switzerland, Protestant Germany, Holland, Scandinavia, England. 4. Summary.