The Chautauquan, Vol. 03, May 1883Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle
History
The Chautauquan, Vol. 03, May 1883
Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle
Chautauqua Institution -- Periodicals; Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle -- Periodicals
All over the body there are, though you can not see them, networks of
capillaries. All the arteries end in capillaries, and in them begin all
veins. Supposing a little blood-corpuscle be squeezed in the narrow
pathway of a capillary in the muscle of the arm. Let it start in motion
backward. Going along the narrow capillary it would hardly have room to
move. It will pass on the right and left other capillary channels, as
small as the one in which it moves; advancing, it will soon find the
passage widening and the walls growing thicker. This continues until
the corpuscle is almost lost in the great artery of the arm; thence it
will pass but few openings, and these will be large, until it passes
into the aorta, or great artery, and then into the heart. Suppose the
corpuscle retrace its journey and go ahead instead of backward. It will
go through passages similar to the other, and it would learn these
passages to be veins. At last the corpuscle would float into the vena
cava, thence to the right auricle, from there to the right ventricle,
by the pulmonary artery to the lungs; there it, with its attendant
white corpuscles, serum and other substances, would be purified, then
sent by pulmonary vein to the left auricle and ventricle, and then
pumped over the body again. Some one may ask, What is the force that
drives or pumps the blood? Suppose you had a long, thin muscle fastened
at one end to something firm, and a weight attached to it. Every time
the muscle contracted it would pull on the weight and draw it up. But
instead of hanging a weight to the muscle, wrap it around a bladder
of water. If the muscle contract now, evidently the water will be
squeezed through any opening in the bladder. This is just what takes
place in the heart. Each cavity there, each auricle and ventricle is,
so to speak, a thin bag with a number of muscles wrapped about it. In
an ordinary muscle of the body the fibers are placed regularly side by
side, but in the heart, the bundles are interlaced in a very wonderful
fashion, so that it is difficult to make out the grain. They are so
arranged that the muscular fibers may squeeze all parts of each bag
at the same time. But here is the most wonderful fact of all. These
muscles of the auricles and ventricles are always at work contracting
and relaxing of their own accord as long as the heart is alive. The
muscle of your arm contracts only at your will. But the heart is never
quiet. Awake or asleep, whatever you are doing or not doing, it keeps
steadily on.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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