The Church of Sancta Sophia, Constantinople: A Study of Byzantine Building — John Shaqi
The Church of Sancta Sophia, Constantinople: A Study of Byzantine BuildingLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
Religion
The Church of Sancta Sophia, Constantinople: A Study of Byzantine Building
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
Ayasofya Müzesi
Constantine’s city does not appear to have been so completely Christian
as the ecclesiastical writers would have us suppose. Zosimus tells us
that Constantine erected a shrine to the Dioscuri in the Hippodrome,
and he mentions the temples of Rhea and the Tyché of the city in a
large four-porticoed forum. A whole population of bronze and marble
statues was brought together from Greece, Asia Minor, and Sicily. The
baths of Zeuxippus alone are said to have had more than sixty bronze
statues,[6] a still greater number were assembled in the Augusteum and
other squares, and in the Hippodrome, where, according to Zosimus,[7]
Constantine placed the Pythian tripod, which had been the central
object in the temple of Apollo at Delphi. On the triple coils of the
bronze serpents in the At-Meidan can still be read the names of the
Greek states, which, after the battle of Plataea, dedicated a tithe of
the spoil to the Delphic oracle, as described by Herodotus.[8]
An extremely valuable description of ancient Byzantium and the
reconstruction by Constantine is given by Zosimus, writing not much
more than a century after the transformation. “Now the city lay upon
the crest of a hill which forms a part of the isthmus that is made
by what is called the ‘Horn’ (κέρας) and the Propontis. And formerly
it had its gate (πύλη) at the end of the colonnades which Severus
built.” ... “And the wall on its western part descending along with the
crest reached to the temple of Aphrodite, and the sea of Chrysopolis
[Scutari] which is opposite; and in the same way from the crest the
wall descended northward to the harbour which is called Neorion,
and from thence up to the sea which lies directly in front of the
straits through which one enters the Euxine.” ... “This then was the
ancient size of the city. And Constantine erected a circular forum
_where formerly was the gate_, and surrounded it with porticoes of two
storeys. He set up two very big arches of Proconnesian marble opposite
each other; through them one entered the porticoes of Severus or issued
from the ancient city. And wishing to make the city much larger he
further continued the old wall fifteen stadia, and inclosed the city
with a wall which cut off the isthmus from sea to sea.”
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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